Intel Core
![]() Logo since 2023 | |
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | January 2006 |
Marketed by | Intel |
Designed by | Intel |
Common manufacturers |
|
Performance | |
Max. CPU clock rate | 400 MHz to 6.2 GHz |
Cache | |
L1 cache | Up to 112 KB per P-core 96 KB per E-core or LP E-core |
L2 cache | Core and Core 2: Up to 12 MB Nehalem-present: Up to 2 MB per P-core and up to 3 MB per E-core cluster |
L3 cache | Up to 36 MB |
Architecture and classification | |
Technology node | 65 nm to Intel 4 and TSMC N5 |
Microarchitecture | |
Instruction set | x86-64 |
Instructions | MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, AVX2, AVX-512, TSX, AES-NI, FMA3, AVX-VNNI |
Extensions |
|
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
GPU | Intel Graphics Technology |
Sockets | |
Products, models, variants | |
Brand names |
|
Variant |
|
History | |
Predecessor | Pentium |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Intel_i9-14900K.webp/220px-Intel_i9-14900K.webp.png)
Intel Core is a line of multi-core (with the exception of Core Solo and Core 2 Solo) central processing units (CPUs) for midrange, embedded, workstation, high-end and enthusiast computer markets marketed by Intel Corporation. These processors displaced the existing mid- to high-end Pentium processors at the time of their introduction, moving the Pentium to the entry level. Identical or more capable versions of Core processors are also sold as Xeon processors for the server and workstation markets.
Core was launched in January 2006 as a mobile-only series, consisting of single- and dual-core models. It was then succeeded later in July by the Core 2 series, which included both desktop and mobile processors with up to four cores, and introduced 64-bit support.
Since 2008, Intel began introducing the Core i3, Core i5, Core i7 and Core i9 lineup of processors, succeeding Core 2.
A new naming scheme debuted in 2023, consisting of Core 3, Core 5, and Core 7 for mainstream processors, and Core Ultra 5, Core Ultra 7, and Core Ultra 9 for "premium" high-end processors.
Overview
[edit]Although Intel Core is a brand that promises no internal consistency or continuity, the processors within this family have been, for the most part, broadly similar.
The first products receiving this designation were the Core Solo and Core Duo Yonah processors for mobile from the Pentium M design tree, fabricated at 65 nm and brought to market in January 2006. These are substantially different in design than the rest of the Intel Core product group, having derived from the Pentium Pro lineage that predated Pentium 4.
The first Intel Core desktop processor—and typical family member—came from the Conroe iteration, a 65 nm dual-core design brought to market in July 2006, based on the Intel Core microarchitecture with substantial enhancements in micro-architectural efficiency and performance, outperforming Pentium 4 across the board (or near to it), while operating at drastically lower clock rates. Maintaining high instructions per cycle (IPC) on a deeply pipelined and resourced out-of-order execution engine has remained a constant fixture of the Intel Core product group ever since.
The new substantial bump in microarchitecture came with the introduction of the 45 nm Bloomfield desktop processor in November 2008 on the Nehalem architecture, whose main advantage came from redesigned I/O and memory systems featuring the new Intel QuickPath Interconnect and an integrated memory controller supporting up to three channels of DDR3 memory.
Subsequent performance improvements have tended toward making additions rather than profound changes, such as adding the Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instruction set extensions to Sandy Bridge, first released on 32 nm in January 2011. Time has also brought improved support for virtualization and a trend toward higher levels of system integration and management functionality (and along with that, increased performance) through the ongoing evolution of facilities such as Intel Active Management Technology (iAMT).
As of 2017, the Core brand comprised four product lines – the entry level i3, the mainstream i5, the high-end i7, and the "enthusiast" i9. Core i7 was introduced in 2008, followed by i5 in 2009, and i3 in 2010. The first Core i9 models were released in 2017.
In 2023, Intel announced that it would drop the "i" moniker from their processor branding, making it "Core 3/5/7/9". The company would introduce the "Ultra" branding for high-end processors as well.[1] The new naming scheme debuted with the launch of Raptor Lake-U Refresh and Meteor Lake processors in 2024, using the "Core 3/5/7" branding for mainstream processors and "Core Ultra 5/7/9" branding for "premium" high-end processors.[2][3]
Microarchitecture | Core | Nehalem | Sandy Bridge | Haswell | Broadwell | Skylake | Sunny Cove[a] | Willow Cove | Golden Cove | Raptor Cove | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microarchitecture variants | Merom | Penryn | Westmere | Ivy Bridge | Tiger Lake | |||||||||
Generation (Core i) | - | - | 1st | 2nd/3rd | 4th | 5th/6th | 6th/7th/8th/9th | 10th/11th | 11th | 12th | 13th/14th | |||
Year of inception | 2006 | 2007 | 2010 | 2011 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |||
Fabrication process (nm) | 65 | 45 | 32/22 | 22 | 14 | 14+/14++/14+++ | 10 | 10SF | 10ESF | |||||
Cache | μop | — | 1.5K μops[4] | 2.25K μops | 4K μops | |||||||||
L1 | Data | Size | 32 KB/core | 48 KB/core | ||||||||||
Ways | 8 way | 12 way | ||||||||||||
Latency | 3 | 4 | 3/5 | ? | 5 | ? | ||||||||
Instruction | Size | 32 KB/core | ||||||||||||
ways | 8 way[5] | 4 way | 8 way | ? | ? | 8 way | ? | |||||||
Latency | 3 | ? | ? | ? | 4 | 5 | ? | ? | ? | |||||
TLB | ? | ? | 142 | 144[6] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
L2 | Size | 2-3 MB/core | 256 KB | 512 KB | 1.25 MB | 2 MB[b] | ||||||||
ways | 8 way | 4 way | 8 way | 20 way | 10 way | ? | ||||||||
Latency | ? | ? | ? | 12 | 13 | ? | 14 | ? | ||||||
TLB | ? | ? | ? | ? | 1024 | ? | 1536 | 2048 | ? | ? | ? | |||
L3 | Size | 2 MB | 3 MB | ? | ||||||||||
ways | 16 way | 12 way[7] | ||||||||||||
Latency | ? | ? | ? | ? | 26-37[4] | 30-36[4] | 43[8] | 74 | ? | |||||
L4 | Size | None | 0–128 MB | None | ? | ? | ? | |||||||
ways | ? | 16[9] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||
Latency | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||
Type | GPU Memory only | cache | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||
Hyper-threading | No | Yes | ||||||||||||
OoOE window | 96[10] | 128[11] | 168 | 192 | 224[12] | 352 | ? | 512[13] | ? | |||||
In-flight | Load | ? | ? | 48 | 64 | 72 | 128 | ? | 192 | ? | ||||
Store | ? | ? | 32 | 36 | 42 | 56 | 72 | ? | 114 | ? | ||||
Scheduler | Entries | 32 | 36 | 54 | 60 | 64 | 97 | 160[14] | ? | ? | ? | |||
Dispatch | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 8 way | 10 way | ? | ? | ? | |||
Register file | Integer | ? | ? | ? | 160 | 168 | ? | 280[13] | ? | 280[13] | ? | |||
Floating-point | ? | ? | ? | 144 | 168 | ? | 224[13] | ? | 332[13] | ? | ||||
Queue | Instruction | ? | ? | 18/thread | 20/thread | 20/thread | 25/thread | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||
Allocation | ? | ? | 28/thread[c] | 56 | 64/thread | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||
Decode | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 4 + 1 | ? | 6 | ? | ||||
Execution Ports | Numbers | ? | ? | 6[15] | 8[16] | 8[17] | 10 | ? | 12 | ? | ||||
Port 0 | Integer FP Mul Branch |
Integer FP Mul Branch |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||
Port 1 | ? | ? | Integer FP Mul |
Integer FP Mul |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
Port 2 | ? | ? | Load Address |
Load Store Address |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
Port 3 | ? | ? | Store Address | Store Load Address |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
Port 4 | ? | ? | Store Data | Store Data | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
Port 5 | ? | ? | Integer | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||
Port 6 | —[16] | Integer Branch |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||
Port 7 | Store Address | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||
AGUs | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 2 + 1 | 2 + 2 | ? | ? | ? | |||
Instructions | SSE2 | Yes | ||||||||||||
SSE3 | Yes | |||||||||||||
SSE4 | — | Yes | ||||||||||||
AVX | — | Yes | ||||||||||||
AVX2 | — | Yes | ||||||||||||
FMA | — | Yes | ||||||||||||
AVX512 | — | Yes/No | Yes | Yes/No | ||||||||||
μArchitecture | Merom | Penryn | Nehalem | Sandy Bridge | Haswell | Broadwell | Skylake | Ice Lake | Tiger Lake | Alder Lake | Raptor Lake |
- ^ Rocket Lake based on Cypress Cove is a CPU microarchitecture, a variant of Sunny Cove microarchitecture designed for 10 nm, backported to 14 nm.
- ^ 1.25 MB in client
- ^ 56 unified in Ivy Bridge
Brand | Desktop | Mobile | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Codename | Cores | Process | Date released | Codename | Cores | Process | Date released | |
Core Solo | Desktop version not available | Yonah | 1 | 65 nm | January 2006 | |||
Core Duo | Yonah | 2 | ||||||
Core 2 Solo | Merom-L Penryn-L |
1 1 |
65 nm 45 nm |
September 2007 May 2008 | ||||
Core 2 Duo | Conroe Allendale Wolfdale |
2 2 2 |
65 nm 65 nm 45 nm |
August 2006 January 2007 January 2008 |
Merom Penryn |
2 2 |
65 nm 45 nm |
July 2006 January 2008 |
Core 2 Quad | Kentsfield Yorkfield |
4 4 |
65 nm 45 nm |
January 2007 March 2008 |
Penryn QC | 4 | 45 nm | August 2008 |
Core 2 Extreme | Conroe XE Kentsfield XE Yorkfield XE |
2 4 4 |
65 nm 65 nm 45 nm |
July 2006 November 2006 November 2007 |
Merom XE Penryn XE Penryn QC XE |
2 2 4 |
65 nm 45 nm 45 nm |
July 2007 January 2008 August 2008 |
Core M | Desktop version not available | Broadwell | 2 | 14 nm | September 2014[18] | |||
Core m3 | Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Amber Lake |
2 2 2 2 |
14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm |
August 2015 September 2016 April 2017 August 2018 | ||||
Core m5 | Skylake | 2 | 14 nm | August 2015 | ||||
Core m7 | Skylake | 2 | 14 nm | August 2015 | ||||
Core i3 | Clarkdale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Alder Lake |
2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 |
32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm |
January 2010 February 2011 September 2012 September 2013 September 2015 January 2017 October 2017 Jan. & April 2019 April 2020 January 2022 |
Arrandale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Cannon Lake Coffee Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Tiger Lake (initial and B) Alder Lake |
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2-4 6-10 |
32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 10 nm 10 nm |
January 2010 February 2011 June 2012 June 2013 January 2015 Sept. 2015 & June 2016 August 2016 November 2016 Jan. & June 2017 April 2018 May 2018 July 2018 August 2018 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 Sept. 2020, Jan. - May 2021 January 2022 |
Core i5 | Lynnfield Clarkdale Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake |
4 2 4 2 2-4 2-4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6-10 |
45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm |
September 2009 January 2010 January 2011 February 2011 April 2012 June 2013 June 2015 September 2015 January 2017 October 2017 Oct. 2018 & Jan. 2019 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 |
Arrandale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake-R Coffee Lake Amber Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake Tiger Lake-H/B Alder Lake Alder Lake-H/HX |
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4-6 10-12 8-12 |
32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 10 nm 10 nm 10 nm |
January 2010 February 2011 May 2012 June 2013 January 2015 September 2015 August 2016 January 2017 October 2017 April 2018 Aug. 2018 & Oct. 2018 Aug. 2018 & April 2019 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 April 2020 Sept. 2020 - May 2021 January - September 2021 January 2022 January & May 2022 |
Core i7 | Bloomfield Lynnfield Gulftown Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge-E Sandy Bridge-E Ivy Bridge Haswell Ivy Bridge-E Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake |
4 4 6 4 6 4 4 4 4-6 4 4 4 6 8 8 8 12 |
45 nm 45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm |
November 2008 September 2009 July 2010 January 2011 November 2011 February 2012 April 2012 June 2013 September 2013 June 2015 August 2015 January 2017 October 2017 October 2018 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 |
Clarksfield Arrandale Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Amber Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake Tiger Lake-H/B Alder Lake Alder Lake-H/HX |
4 2 4 2 2-4 2-4 2 4 2-4 2 4 4-6 2 4 4 4-6 6-8 4 4-8 10-14 10-16 |
45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 10 nm 10 nm 10 nm |
September 2009 January 2010 January 2011 February 2011 May 2012 June 2013 January 2015 June 2015 September 2015 August 2016 January 2017 April 2018 August 2018 Aug. 2018 & April 2019 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 April 2020 September 2020 January - September 2021 January 2022 January & May 2022 |
Core i7 Extreme |
Bloomfield Gulftown Sandy Bridge-E Ivy Bridge-E Haswell-E Broadwell-E Skylake-X Kaby Lake-X |
4 6 6 6 8 10 6-8 4 |
45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm |
November 2008 March 2010 November 2011 September 2013 August 2014 May 2016 June 2017 June 2017 |
Clarksfield Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell |
4 4 4 4 |
45 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm |
September 2009 January 2011 May 2012 June 2013 |
Core i9 | Skylake-X Skylake-X Cascade Lake-X Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake |
10 12 14-18 8 10 8 16 24 |
14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 |
June 2017 August 2017 September 2017 October 2018 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 Oct. 2022 & Jan. 2023 |
Coffee Lake-H Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake-H Alder Lake-H/HX |
6 8 8 14-16 14-24 |
14 nm 14 nm 10 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 |
April 2018 April 2020 May 2021 January & May 2022 January 2023 |
List of Intel Core processors • List of Intel Core 2 processors • List of Intel Core M processors • List of Intel Core i3 processors • List of Intel Core i5 processors • List of Intel Core i7 processors • List of Intel Core i9 processors |
Product lineup
[edit]Core
[edit]The original Core brand refers to Intel's 32-bit mobile dual-core x86 CPUs, which were derived from the Pentium M branded processors. The processor family used an enhanced version of the P6 microarchitecture. It emerged in parallel with the NetBurst microarchitecture (Intel P68) of the Pentium 4 brand, and was a precursor of the 64-bit Core microarchitecture of Core 2 branded CPUs. The Core brand had two branches: the Duo (dual-core) and Solo (single-core, which replaced the Pentium M brand of single-core mobile processor).
Intel launched the Core brand on January 6, 2006, with the release of the 32-bit Yonah CPU – Intel's first dual-core mobile (low-power) processor. Its dual-core layout closely resembled two interconnected Pentium M branded CPUs packaged as a single die (piece) silicon chip (IC). Hence, the 32-bit microarchitecture of Core branded CPUs – contrary to its name – had more in common with Pentium M branded CPUs than with the subsequent 64-bit Core microarchitecture of Core 2 branded CPUs. Despite a major rebranding effort by Intel starting January 2006, some companies continued to market computers with the Yonah core marked as Pentium M.
The Core series is also the first Intel processor used in an Apple Macintosh computer. The Core Duo was the CPU for the first generation MacBook Pro, while the Core Solo appeared in Apple's Mac Mini line. Core Duo signified the beginning of Apple's shift to Intel processors across the entire Mac line.
In 2007, Intel began branding the Yonah CPUs intended for mainstream mobile computers as Pentium Dual-Core, not to be confused with the desktop 64-bit Core microarchitecture CPUs also branded as Pentium Dual-Core.
September 2007 and January 4, 2008 marked the discontinuation of a number of Core branded CPUs including several Core Solo, Core Duo, Celeron and one Core 2 Quad products.[19][20]
Core Solo
[edit]Intel Core Solo[21] (product code 80538) uses the same two-core die as the Core Duo, but features only one active core. Depending on demand, Intel may also simply disable one of the cores to sell the chip at the Core Solo price—this requires less effort than launching and maintaining a separate line of CPUs that physically only have one core. Intel had used the same strategy previously with the 486 CPU in which early 486SX CPUs were in fact manufactured as 486DX CPUs but with the FPU disabled.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 Cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yonah | Core Solo T1xxx | 2 MB | Socket M | 27–31 W |
Core Solo U1xxx | 5.5–6 W |
Core Duo
[edit]Intel Core Duo[22] (product code 80539) consists of two cores on one die, a 2 MB L2 cache shared by both cores, and an arbiter bus that controls both L2 cache and FSB (front-side bus) access.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 Cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yonah | Core Duo T2xxx | 2 MB | Socket M | 31 W |
Core Duo L2xxx | 15 W | |||
Core Duo U2xxx | 9 W |
Core 2
[edit]The successor to Core is the mobile version of the Core 2 line of processors based on the Core microarchitecture,[23] released on July 27, 2006. The release of the mobile version of Intel Core 2 marks the reunification of Intel's desktop and mobile product lines as Core 2 processors were released for desktops and notebooks, unlike the first Intel Core CPUs that were targeted only for notebooks (although they were used in some small form factor and all-in-one desktops, like the iMac and the Mac Mini).
Unlike the original Core, Intel Core 2 is a 64-bit processor, supporting Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology (EM64T). Another difference between the original Core Duo and the new Core 2 Duo is an increase in the amount of level 2 cache. The new Core 2 Duo has tripled the amount of on-board cache to 6 MB. Core 2 also introduced a quad-core performance variant to the single- and dual-core chips, branded Core 2 Quad, as well as an enthusiast variant, Core 2 Extreme. All three chips are manufactured at a 65 nm lithography, and in 2008, a 45 nm lithography and support front side bus speeds ranging from 533 MT/s to 1.6 GT/s. In addition, the 45 nm die shrink of the Core microarchitecture adds SSE4.1 support to all Core 2 microprocessors manufactured at a 45 nm lithography, therefore increasing the calculation rate of the processors.
Core 2 Solo
[edit]The Core 2 Solo,[24] introduced in September 2007, is the successor to the Core Solo and is available only as an ultra-low-power mobile processor with 5.5 Watt thermal design power. The original U2xxx series "Merom-L" used a special version of the Merom chip with CPUID number 10661 (model 22, stepping A1) that only had a single core and was also used in some Celeron processors. The later SU3xxx are part of Intel's CULV range of processors in a smaller μFC-BGA 956 package but contain the same Penryn chip as the dual-core variants, with one of the cores disabled during manufacturing.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Merom-L | Mobile Core 2 Solo U2xxx | 1 MB | FCBGA | 5.5 W |
Penryn-L | Mobile Core 2 Solo SU3xxx | 3 MB | BGA956 | 5.5 W |
Core 2 Duo
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Laptop-intel-core2duo-t5500.jpg/170px-Laptop-intel-core2duo-t5500.jpg)
The majority of the desktop and mobile Core 2 processor variants are Core 2 Duo[25][26] with two processor cores on a single Merom, Conroe, Allendale, Penryn, or Wolfdale chip. These come in a wide range of performance and power consumption, starting with the relatively slow ultra-low-power Uxxxx (10 W) and low-power Lxxxx (17 W) versions, to the more performance oriented Pxxxx (25 W) and Txxxx (35 W) mobile versions and the Exxxx (65 W) desktop models. The mobile Core 2 Duo processors with an 'S' prefix in the name are produced in a smaller μFC-BGA 956 package, which allows building more compact laptops.
Within each line, a higher number usually refers to a better performance, which depends largely on core and front-side bus clock frequency and amount of second level cache, which are model-specific. Core 2 Duo processors typically use the full L2 cache of 2, 3, 4, or 6 MB available in the specific stepping of the chip, while versions with the amount of cache reduced during manufacturing are sold for the low-end consumer market as Celeron or Pentium Dual-Core processors. Like those processors, some low-end Core 2 Duo models disable features such as Intel Virtualization Technology.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Merom | Mobile Core 2 Duo U7xxx | 2 MB | BGA479 | 10 W |
Mobile Core 2 Duo L7xxx | 4 MB | 17 W | ||
Mobile Core 2 Duo T5xxx | 2 MB | Socket M Socket P BGA479 |
35 W | |
Mobile Core 2 Duo T7xxx | 2–4 MB | |||
Conroe and Allendale |
Core 2 Duo E4xxx | 2 MB | LGA 775 | 65 W |
Core 2 Duo E6xxx | 2–4 MB | |||
Penryn | Mobile Core 2 Duo SU7xxx | 3 MB | BGA956 | 10 W |
Mobile Core 2 Duo SU9xxx | ||||
Mobile Core 2 Duo SL9xxx | 6 MB | 17 W | ||
Mobile Core 2 Duo SP9xxx | 25 W | |||
Mobile Core 2 Duo P7xxx | 3 MB | Socket P FCBGA6 |
25 W | |
Mobile Core 2 Duo P8xxx | ||||
Mobile Core 2 Duo P9xxx | 6 MB | |||
Mobile Core 2 Duo T6xxx | 2 MB | 35 W | ||
Mobile Core 2 Duo T8xxx | 3 MB | |||
Mobile Core 2 Duo T9xxx | 6 MB | |||
Mobile Core 2 Duo E8xxx | 6 MB | Socket P | 35–55 W | |
Wolfdale | Core 2 Duo E7xxx | 3 MB | LGA 775 | 65 W |
Core 2 Duo E8xxx | 6 MB |
Core 2 Quad
[edit]Core 2 Quad[27][28] processors are multi-chip modules consisting of two dies similar to those used in Core 2 Duo, forming a quad-core processor. This allows twice the performance of a dual-core processors at the same clock frequency in scenarios that take advantage of multi-threading.
Initially, all Core 2 Quad models were versions of Core 2 Duo desktop processors, Kentsfield derived from Conroe and Yorkfield from Wolfdale, but later Penryn-QC was added as a high-end version of the mobile dual-core Penryn.
The Xeon 32xx and 33xx processors are mostly identical versions of the desktop Core 2 Quad processors and can be used interchangeably.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kentsfield | Core 2 Quad Q6xxx | 2×4 MB | LGA 775 | 95–105 W |
Yorkfield | Core 2 Quad Q8xxx | 2×2 MB | 65–95 W | |
Core 2 Quad Q9xxx | 2×3–2×6 MB | |||
Penryn-QC | Mobile Core 2 Quad Q9xxx | 2×3–2×6 MB | Socket P | 45 W |
Core 2 Extreme
[edit]Core 2 Extreme processors[29][30] are enthusiast versions of Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Quad processors, usually with a higher clock frequency and an unlocked clock multiplier, which makes them especially attractive for overclocking. This is similar to earlier Pentium D processors labeled as Extreme Edition. Core 2 Extreme processors were released at a much higher price than their regular version, often $999 or more.
Codename | Brand name (list) | L2 cache | Socket | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
Merom XE | Mobile Core 2 Extreme X7xxx | 4 MB | Socket P | 44 W |
Conroe XE | Core 2 Extreme X6xxx | 4 MB | LGA 775 | 75 W |
Kentsfield | Core 2 Extreme QX6xxx | 2×4 MB | LGA 775 | 130 W |
Penryn XE | Mobile Core 2 Extreme X9xxx | 6 MB | Socket P | 44 W |
Penryn-QC XE | Mobile Core 2 Extreme QX9300 | 2×6 MB | Socket P | 45 W |
Yorkfield | Core 2 Extreme QX9xxx | 2×6 MB | LGA 775 / LGA 771 | 130–150 W |
Core i3/i5/i7/i9
[edit]1st generation
[edit]With the release of the Nehalem microarchitecture in November 2008,[31] Intel introduced a new naming scheme for its Core processors. There are three variants, Core i3, Core i5 and Core i7, but the names no longer correspond to specific technical features like the number of cores. Instead, the brand is now divided from low-level (i3), through mid-range (i5) to high-end performance (i7),[32] which correspond to three, four and five stars in Intel's Intel Processor Rating[33] following on from the entry-level Celeron (one star) and Pentium (two stars) processors.[34] Common features of all Nehalem based processors include an integrated DDR3 memory controller as well as QuickPath Interconnect or PCI Express and Direct Media Interface on the processor replacing the aging quad-pumped Front Side Bus used in all earlier Core processors. All these processors have 256 KB L2 cache per core, plus up to 12 MB shared L3 cache. Because of the new I/O interconnect, chipsets and mainboards from previous generations can no longer be used with Nehalem-based processors.
Intel intended the Core i3 as the new low end of the performance processor line from Intel, following the retirement of the Core 2 brand.[35][36]
The first Core i3 processors were launched on January 7, 2010.[37]
The first Nehalem based Core i3 was Clarkdale-based, with an integrated GPU and two cores.[38] The same processor is also available as Core i5 and Pentium, with slightly different configurations.
The Core i3-3xxM processors are based on Arrandale, the mobile version of the Clarkdale desktop processor. They are similar to the Core i5-4xx series but running at lower clock speeds and without Turbo Boost.[39] According to an Intel FAQ they do not support Error Correction Code (ECC) memory.[40] According to motherboard manufacturer Supermicro, if a Core i3 processor is used with a server chipset platform such as Intel 3400/3420/3450, the CPU supports ECC with UDIMM.[41] When asked, Intel confirmed that, although the Intel 5 series chipset supports non-ECC memory only with the Core i5 or i3 processors, using those processors on a motherboard with 3400 series chipsets it supports the ECC function of ECC memory.[42] A limited number of motherboards by other companies also support ECC with Intel Core ix processors; the Asus P8B WS is an example, but it does not support ECC memory under Windows non-server operating systems.[43]
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 Cache | Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clarkdale | Core i3 | 2 | 4 MB | LGA 1156 | 73 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
Arrandale | Core i3-3xxM | 3 MB | rPGA-988A | 35 W | ||
Core i3-3xxUM | 3 MB | BGA-1288 | 18 W |
Lynnfield were the first Core i5 processors using the Nehalem microarchitecture, introduced on September 8, 2009, as a mainstream variant of the earlier Core i7.[44][45] Lynnfield Core i5 processors have an 8 MB L3 cache, a DMI bus running at 2.5 GT/s and support for dual-channel DDR3-800/1066/1333 memory and have Hyper-threading disabled. The same processors with different sets of features (Hyper-threading and other clock frequencies) enabled are sold as Core i7-8xx and Xeon 3400-series processors, which should not be confused with high-end Core i7-9xx and Xeon 3500-series processors based on Bloomfield. A new feature called Turbo Boost Technology was introduced which maximizes speed for demanding applications, dynamically accelerating performance to match the workload.
After Nehalem received a 32 nm Westmere die shrink, Arrandale, the dual-core mobile Core i5 processors and its desktop counterpart Clarkdale was introduced in January 2010, together with Core i7-6xx and Core i3-3xx processors based on the same architecture. Arrandale processors have integrated graphics capability. Core i3-3xx does not support for Turbo Boost, L3 cache in Core i5-5xx processors is reduced to 3 MB, while the Core i5-6xx uses the full cache,[46] Clarkdale is sold as Core i5-6xx, along with related Core i3 and Pentium processors. It has Hyper-Threading enabled and the full 4 MB L3 cache.[47]
According to Intel "Core i5 desktop processors and desktop boards typically do not support ECC memory",[48] but information on limited ECC support in the Core i3 section also applies to Core i5 and i7.[citation needed]
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 Cache | Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lynnfield | Core i5-7xx | 4 | 8 MB | LGA 1156 | 95 W | Direct Media Interface |
Core i5-7xxS | 82 W | |||||
Clarkdale | Core i5-6xx | 2 | 4 MB | 73–87 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU | |
Arrandale | Core i5-5xxM | 3 MB | rPGA-988A | 35 W | ||
Core i5-4xxM | ||||||
Core i5-5xxUM | BGA-1288 | 18 W | ||||
Core i5-4xxUM[49] |
The Core i7 brand targets the business and high-end consumer markets for both desktop and laptop computers,[50] and is distinguished from the Core i3 (entry-level consumer), Core i5 (mainstream consumer), and Xeon (server and workstation) brands.
Introduced in late 2008, Bloomfield was the first Core i7 processors based on the Nehalem architecture.[51][52][53][54] The following year, Lynnfield desktop processors and Clarksfield mobile processors brought new quad-core Core i7 models based on the said architecture.[55]
After Nehalem received a 32 nm Westmere die shrink, Arrandale dual-core mobile processors were introduced in January 2010, followed by Core i7's first six-core desktop processor Gulftown on March 16, 2010. Both the regular Core i7 and the Extreme Edition are advertised as five stars in the Intel Processor Rating.
The first-generation Core i7 uses two different sockets; LGA 1366 designed for high-end desktops and servers, and LGA 1156 used in low- and mid-end desktops and servers. In each generation, the highest-performing Core i7 processors use the same socket and QPI-based architecture as the medium-end Xeon processors of that generation, while lower-performing Core i7 processors use the same socket and PCIe/DMI/FDI architecture as the Core i5.
"Core i7" is a successor to the Intel Core 2 brand.[56][57][58][59] Intel representatives stated that they intended the moniker Core i7 to help consumers decide which processor to purchase as Intel releases newer Nehalem-based products in the future.[60]
Code name | Brand name | Cores | L3 Cache | Socket | TDP | Process | Busses | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gulftown | Core i7-9xxX Extreme Edition | 6 | 12 MB | LGA 1366 | 130 W | 32 nm | QPI, 3 × DDR3 |
Mar 2010 |
Core i7-970 | Jul 2010 | |||||||
Bloomfield | Core i7-9xx Extreme Edition | 4 | 8 MB | 45 nm | Nov 2008 | |||
Core i7-9xx (except Core i7-970/980) | ||||||||
Lynnfield | Core i7-8xx | LGA 1156 | 95 W | DMI, PCI-e, 2 × DDR3 |
Sep 2009 | |||
Core i7-8xxS | 82 W | Jan 2010 | ||||||
Clarksfield | Core i7-9xxXM Extreme Edition | rPGA-988A | 55 W | Sep 2009 | ||||
Core i7-8xxQM | 45 W | |||||||
Core i7-7xxQM | 6 MB | |||||||
Arrandale | Core i7-6xxM | 2 | 4 MB | 35 W | 32 nm | DMI, PCI-e, FDI, 2 × DDR3 |
Jan 2010 | |
Core i7-6xxLM | BGA-1288 | 25 W | ||||||
Core i7-6xxUM | 18 W |
2nd generation
[edit]In early 2011, Intel introduced a new microarchitecture named Sandy Bridge. This is the second generation of the Core processor microarchitecture. It kept all the existing brands from Nehalem, including Core i3/i5/i7, and introduced new model numbers. The initial set of Sandy Bridge processors includes dual- and quad-core variants, all of which use a single 32 nm die for both the CPU and integrated GPU cores, unlike the earlier microarchitectures. All Core i3/i5/i7 processors with the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture have a four-digit model number. With the mobile version, the thermal design power can no longer be determined from a one- or two-letter suffix but is encoded into the CPU number. Starting with Sandy Bridge, Intel no longer distinguishes the code names of the processor based on number of cores, socket or intended usage; they all use the same code name as the microarchitecture itself.
Ivy Bridge is the codename for Intel's 22 nm die shrink of the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture based on tri-gate ("3D") transistors, introduced in April 2012.
Released on January 20, 2011, the Core i3-2xxx line of desktop and mobile processors is a direct replacement of the 2010 "Clarkdale" Core i3-5xx and "Arrandale" Core i3-3xxM models, based on the new microarchitecture. While they require new sockets and chipsets, the user-visible features of the Core i3 are largely unchanged, including the lack of support for Turbo Boost and AES-NI. Unlike the Sandy Bridge-based Celeron and Pentium processors, the Core i3 line does support the new Advanced Vector Extensions. This particular processor is the entry-level processor of this new series of Intel processors.
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sandy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i3-21xx | 2 | 3 MB | LGA 1155 | 65 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
Core i3-21xxT | 35 W | |||||
Sandy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i3-2xx0M | rPGA-988B BGA-1023 | ||||
Core i3-2xx7M | BGA-1023 | 17 W |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Intel_Core_i5-2500k_7754.jpg/220px-Intel_Core_i5-2500k_7754.jpg)
In January 2011, Intel released new quad-core Core i5 processors based on the "Sandy Bridge" microarchitecture at CES 2011. New dual-core mobile processors and desktop processors arrived in February 2011.
The Core i5-2xxx line of desktop processors are mostly quad-core chips, with the exception of the dual-core Core i5-2390T, and include integrated graphics, combining the key features of the earlier Core i5-6xx and Core i5-7xx lines. The suffix after the four-digit model number designates unlocked multiplier (K), low-power (S) and ultra-low-power (T).
The desktop CPUs now all have four non-SMT cores (like the i5-750), with the exception of the i5-2390T. The DMI bus runs at 5 GT/s.
The mobile Core i5-2xxxM processors are all dual-core and hyper-threaded chips like the previous Core i5-5xxM series, and share most of the features with that product line.
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sandy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i5-2xxx Core i5-2xxxK |
4 | 6 MB | LGA 1155 | 95 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
Core i5-2xxxS | 65 W | |||||
Core i5-25xxT | 45 W | |||||
Core i5-23xxT | 2 | 3 MB | 35 W | |||
Sandy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i5-2xxxM | rPGA-988B BGA-1023 | ||||
Core i5-2xx7M | BGA-1023 | 17 W |
The Core i7 brand was the high-end for Intel's desktop and mobile processors, until the announcement of the i9 in 2017. Its Sandy Bridge models feature the largest amount of L3 cache and the highest clock frequency. Most of these models are very similar to their smaller Core i5 siblings. The quad-core mobile Core i7-2xxxQM/XM processors follow the previous "Clarksfield" Core i7-xxxQM/XM processors, but now also include integrated graphics.
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sandy Bridge-E (Desktop) | Core i7-39xxX | 6 | 15 MB | LGA 2011 | 130 W | 32 nm | Direct Media Interface | November 2011 |
Core i7-39xxK | 12 MB | |||||||
Core i7-38xx | 4 | 10 MB | ||||||
Sandy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i7-2xxxK, i7-2xxx | 8 MB | LGA 1155 | 95 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
January 2011 | ||
Core i7-2xxxS | 65 W | |||||||
Sandy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i7-2xxxXM | rPGA-988B BGA-1023 |
55 W | |||||
Core i7-28xxQM | 45 W | |||||||
Core i7-2xxxQE, i7-26xxQM, i7-27xxQM | 6 MB | |||||||
Core i7-2xx0M | 2 | 4 MB | 35 W | February 2011 | ||||
Core i7-2xx9M | BGA-1023 | 25 W | ||||||
Core i7-2xx7M | 17 W |
3rd generation
[edit]Ivy Bridge is the codename for a "third generation" line of processors based on the 22 nm manufacturing process developed by Intel. Mobile versions of the CPU were released in April 2012 following with desktop versions in September 2012.
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2014) |
The Ivy Bridge-based Core-i3-3xxx line is a minor upgrade to 22 nm process technology and better graphics.
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 Cache |
Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ivy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i3-32xx | 2 | 3 MB | LGA 1155 | 55 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
Core i3-32xxT | 35 W | |||||
Ivy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i3-3xx0M | rPGA-988B BGA-1023 | ||||
Core i3-3xx7U | BGA-1023 | 17 W | ||||
Core i3-3xx9Y | 13 W |
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 Cache |
Socket | TDP | I/O Bus |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ivy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i5-3xxx Core i5-3xxxK |
4 | 6 MB | LGA 1155 | 77 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
Core i5-3xxxS | 65 W | |||||
Core i5-35xxT | 45 W | |||||
Core i5-34xxT | 2 | 3 MB | 35 W | |||
Ivy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i5-3xx0M | rPGA-988B BGA-1023 | ||||
Core i5-3xx7U | BGA-1023 | 17 W | ||||
Core i5-3xx9Y | 13 W |
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ivy Bridge-E (Desktop) | Core i7-4960X | 6 | 15 MB | LGA 2011 | 130 W | 22 nm | Direct Media Interface | September 2013 |
Core i7-4930K | 12 MB | |||||||
Core i7-4820K | 4 | 10 MB | ||||||
Ivy Bridge (Desktop) | Core i7-37xx, i7-37xxK | 8 MB | LGA 1155 | 77 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
April 2012 | ||
Core i7-37xxS | 65 W | |||||||
Core i7-37xxT | 45 W | |||||||
Ivy Bridge (Mobile) | Core i7-3xxxXM | 55 W | ||||||
Core i7-38xxQM | 45 W | |||||||
Core i7-36x0QM, i7-3xx0QE, i7-36x5QM, i7-3xx5QE, i7-37xxQM |
6 MB | |||||||
Core i7-3xx2QM, i7-3xx2QE | 35 W | |||||||
Core i7-3xxxM | 2 | 4 MB | ||||||
Core i7-3xxxLE | 25 W | |||||||
Core i7-3xx7U, i7-3xx7UE | 17 W | |||||||
Core i7-3xx9Y | 13 W | January 2013 |
4th generation
[edit]Haswell is the fourth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was released in 2013.
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haswell-DT (Desktop) | Core i3-43xx | 2 | 4 MB | HD 4600 | LGA 1150 | 54 W | 22 nm | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
September 2013 |
Core i3-43xxT, Core i3-4xxxTE | 35 W | ||||||||
Core i3-41xx | 3 MB | HD 4400 | 54 W | ||||||
Core i3-41xxT | 35 W | ||||||||
Haswell-MB (Mobile) | Core i3-4xx2E | HD 4600 | BGA 1364 | 25 W | |||||
Core i3-4xx0E | 37 W | ||||||||
Core i3-4xxxM | Socket G3 | ||||||||
Core i3-4xx8U | Iris 5100 | BGA 1168 | 28 W | June 2013 | |||||
Core i3-4xx0U, Core i3-4xx5U | HD 4400 | 15 W | |||||||
Core i3-4xxxY | HD 4200 | 11.5 W |
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haswell-DT (Desktop) | Core i5-4xxx, i5-46xxK | 4 | 6 MB | HD 4600 | LGA 1150 | 84 W | 22 nm | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
June 2013 |
Core i5-4xxxS | 65 W | ||||||||
Core i5-46xxT | 45 W | ||||||||
Core i5-45xxT, Core i5-45xxTE | 2 | 4 MB | 35 W | ||||||
65 W | |||||||||
Haswell-H (MCP) | Core i5-4xxxR | 4 | 4 MB | Iris Pro 5200 | BGA 1364 | 65 W | |||
Haswell-MB (Mobile) | Core i5-4xxxH | 2 | 3 MB | HD 4600 | 47 W | September 2013 | |||
Core i5-4xx2E | 25 W | ||||||||
Core i5-4xx0E | 37 W | ||||||||
Core i5-4xxxM | Socket G3 | ||||||||
Core i5-4xx8U | Iris 5100 | BGA1168 | 28 W | June 2013 | |||||
Core i5-4x50U | HD 5000 | 15 W | |||||||
Core i5-4x00U | HD 4400 | ||||||||
Core i5-4xxxY | HD 4200 | 11.5 W |
Codename | Brand name (list) | Cores | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haswell-E (Desktop)[61] | Core i7-5960X | 8 | 20 MB | N/A | LGA 2011-3 | 140 W | 22 nm | Direct Media Interface | September 2014 |
Core i7-5930K | 6 | 15 MB | |||||||
Core i7-5820K | |||||||||
Haswell-DT (Desktop) | Core i7-47xx, i7-47xxK | 4 | 8 MB | HD 4600 | LGA 1150 | 84 W | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
June 2013 | |
Core i7-47xxS | 65 W | ||||||||
Core i7-47x0T | 45 W | ||||||||
Core i7-47x5T | 35 W | ||||||||
Core i7-47xxR | 6 MB | Iris Pro 5200 | BGA 1364 | 65 W | |||||
Haswell-MB (Mobile) | Core i7-4x50HQ, Core i7-4x60HQ Core i7-4x50EQ, Core i7-4x60EQ |
47 W | |||||||
Core i7-47x2HQ, Core i7-47x2EQ Core i7-470xHQ, Core i7-470xEQ |
HD 4600 | 37 W 47 W | |||||||
Core i7-47x2MQ Core i7-470xMQ |
Socket G3 | 37 W 47 W | |||||||
Core i7-49xxMQ, Core i7-4xxxXM | 8 MB | 57 W | |||||||
Core i7-4xxxM | 2 | 4 MB | 35 W | September 2013 | |||||
Core i7-4xx8U | Iris 5100 | BGA 1168 | 28 W | June 2013 | |||||
Core i7-4x50U | HD 5000 | 15 W | |||||||
Core i7-4x00U | HD 4400 | ||||||||
Core i7-4xxxY | HD 4200 | 11.5 W |
5th generation
[edit]Broadwell is the fifth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was released by Intel on September 6, 2014, and began shipping in late 2014. It is the first to use a 14 nm chip.[62] Additionally, mobile processors were launched in January 2015[63] and Desktop Core i5 and i7 processors were released in June 2015.[64]
Desktop processor (DT-Series)
Processor branding | Model (list) | Cores (Threads) |
L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i7 | 5775C | 4 (8) | 6 MB | Iris 6200 | LGA 1150 | 65 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface,
Integrated GPU |
June 2015 |
5775R | |||||||||
Core i5 | 5675C | 4 (4) | 4 MB | ||||||
5675R | |||||||||
5575R |
Mobile processors (U-Series)
Processor branding | Model (list) | Cores (Threads) |
L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i7 | 5xx7U | 2 (4) | 4 MB | Iris 6100 | BGA 1168 | 28 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
January 2015 |
5x50U | HD 6000 | 15 W | |||||||
5x00U | HD 5500 | ||||||||
Core i5 | 5xx7U | 2 (2) | 3 MB | Iris 6100 | 28 W | ||||
5x50U | HD 6000 | 15 W | |||||||
5x00U | HD 5500 | ||||||||
Core i3 | 5xx7U | Iris 6100 | 28 W | ||||||
5xx5U | HD 5500 | 15 W | |||||||
5xx0U |
Mobile Processors (Y-Series)
Processor branding | Model (list) | Cores (Threads) |
L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core M | 5Yxx | 2 (2) | 4 MB | HD 5300 | BGA 1234 | 4.5 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU |
September 2014 |
6th generation
[edit]Broadwell microarchitecture
[edit]Processor branding | Model (list) | Cores (Threads) | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i7 | 6800K | 6 (12) | 15 MB | N/A | LGA 2011-3 | 140 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface | Q2'16 |
6850K | |||||||||
6900K | 8 (16) | 20 MB | |||||||
6950X | 10 (20) | 25 MB |
Skylake microarchitecture
[edit]Skylake is the sixth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was launched in August 2015. Being the successor to the Broadwell line, it is a redesign using the same 14 nm manufacturing process technology; however the redesign has better CPU and GPU performance and reduced power consumption. Intel also disabled overclocking non -K processors.
Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i7 | 6700K | 4/8 | 8 MB | HD 530 | LGA 1151 | 91 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface,
Integrated GPU |
August 2015 |
6700 | 65 W | September 2015 | |||||||
6700T | 35 W | ||||||||
6785R | Iris Pro 580 | 65 W | May 2016 | ||||||
Core i5 | 6600K | 4/4 | 6 MB | HD 530 | 91 W | September 2015 | |||
6600 | 65 W | ||||||||
6500 | |||||||||
6400 | |||||||||
6402P | HD 510 | December 2015 | |||||||
6xx0R | HD 530 | 35 W | June 2016 | ||||||
6xx0T | September 2015 | ||||||||
Core i3 | 6320 | 2/4 | 4 MB | HD 530 | 51 W | ||||
6300 | |||||||||
6300T | 35 W | ||||||||
6100 | 3 MB | HD 530 | 51 W | ||||||
6100T | 35 W | ||||||||
6098P | HD 510 | 54 W | December 2015 |
Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i3 | 6100H | 2/4 | 3 MB | HD 530 | FBGA 1356 | 35 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface,
Integrated GPU |
September 2015 |
Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | L3 cache | GPU Model | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Release Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i7 | 6650U | 2/4 | 4 MB | Iris 540 | FCBGA 1356 | 15 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface,
Integrated GPU |
September 2015 |
6600U | HD 520 | 25 W | |||||||
6567U | Iris 550 | 28 W | |||||||
6x60U | Iris 540 | 15 W | |||||||
6x00U | HD 520 | ||||||||
Core i5 | 62x7U | Iris 550 | 28 W | ||||||
6360U | Iris 540 | 9.5 W | |||||||
6300U | HD 520 | 15 W | |||||||
6260U | Iris 540 | ||||||||
6200U | 3 MB | HD 520 | |||||||
Core i3 | 6167U | HD 550 | 28 W | ||||||
6100U | HD 520 | 15 W | |||||||
6006U | HD 520 | November 2016 |
7th generation
[edit]Skylake microarchitecture
[edit]Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | L3 cache | Socket | TDP | Process | I/O Bus | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 7980XE | 18/36 | 24.75 MB | LGA 2066 | 165 W | 14 nm | Direct Media Interface | $1999 |
7960X | 16/32 | 22 MB | $1699 | |||||
7940X | 14/28 | 19.25 MB | $1399 | |||||
7920X | 12/24 | 16.5 MB | 140 W | $1199 | ||||
7900X | 10/20 | 13.75 MB | $999 | |||||
Core i7 | 7820X | 8/16 | 11 MB | $599 | ||||
7800X | 6/12 | 8.25 MB | $389 |
Kaby Lake
[edit]![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2017) |
Kaby Lake is the codename for the seventh generation Core processor, and was launched in October 2016 (mobile chips)[65] and January 2017 (desktop chips).[66] With the latest generation of microarchitecture, Intel decided to produce Kaby Lake processors without using their "tick–tock" manufacturing and design model.[67] Kaby Lake features the same Skylake microarchitecture and is fabricated using Intel's 14 nanometer manufacturing process technology.[67]
Built on an improved 14 nm process (14FF+), Kaby Lake features faster CPU clock speeds and Turbo frequencies. Beyond these process and clock speed changes, little of the CPU architecture has changed from Skylake, resulting in identical IPC.
Kaby Lake features a new graphics architecture to improve performance in 3D graphics and 4K video playback. It adds native High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection 2.2 support, along with fixed function decode of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, High Efficiency Video Coding Main and Main10/10-bit, and VP9 10-bit and 8-bit video. Hardware encode is supported for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, HEVC Main10/10-bit, and VP9 8-bit video. VP9 10-bit encode is not supported in hardware. OpenCL 2.1 is now supported.
Kaby Lake is the first Core architecture to support hyper-threading for the Pentium-branded desktop CPU SKU. Kaby Lake also features the first overclocking-enabled i3-branded CPU.
Features common to desktop Kaby Lake CPUs:
- LGA 1151 socket
- DMI 3.0 and PCIe 3.0 interfaces
- Dual channel memory support in the following configurations: DDR3L-1600 1.35 V (32 GiB maximum) or DDR4-2400 1.2 V (64 GiB maximum)
- A total of 16 PCIe lanes
- The Core-branded processors support the AVX2 instruction set. The Celeron and Pentium-branded ones support only SSE4.1/4.2
- 350 MHz base graphics clock rate
- No L4 cache (eDRAM).
- A release date of January 3, 2017
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores (threads) | CPU | CPU Turbo clock rate | GPU model | Maximum
GPU clock rate |
L3
cache |
TDP | Price (USD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core | Dual core | Quad core | |||||||||
Core i7 | 7700K | 4 (8) | 4.2 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.4 GHz | HD 630 | 1150 MHz | 8 MB | 91 W | $350 |
7700 | 3.6 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 65 W | $312 | |||||
7700T | 2.9 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 35 W | ||||||
Core i5 | 7600K | 4 (4) | 3.8 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 6 MB | 91 W | $243 | ||
7600 | 3.5 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 65 W | $224 | |||||
7600T | 2.8 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 1100 MHz | 35 W | |||||
7500 | 3.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 65 W | $202 | |||||
7500T | 2.7 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 35 W | ||||||
7400 | 3.0 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 1000 MHz | 65 W | $182 | ||||
7400T | 2.4 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 2.7 GHz | 35 W | $187 | |||||
Core i3 | 7350K | 2 (4) | 4.2 GHz | N/A | 1150 MHz | 4 MB | 60 W | $179 | |||
7320 | 4.1 GHz | 51 W | $157 | ||||||||
7300 | 4.0 GHz | $147 | |||||||||
7300T | 3.5 GHz | 1100 MHz | 35 W | ||||||||
7100 | 3.9 GHz | 3 MB | 51 W | $117 | |||||||
7100T | 3.4 GHz | 35 W | |||||||||
7101E | 3.9 GHz | 54 W | |||||||||
7101TE | 3.4 GHz | 35 W |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores (threads) | CPU | CPU Turbo clock rate | GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
Max. PCIe lanes | TDP | cTDP | Release date | Price (USD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core | Dual core | Quad core | Base | Max. | Up | Down | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 7920HQ | 4 (8) | 3.1 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 3.7 GHz | HD 630 | 350 MHz | 1100 MHz | 8 MB | 16 | 45 W | N/A | 35 W | Q1 2017 | $568 |
7820HQ | 2.9 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | $378 | |||||||||||
7820HK | ||||||||||||||||
7700HQ | 2.8 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 6 MB | |||||||||||
Core i5 | 7440HQ | 4 (4) | 1000 MHz | $250 | ||||||||||||
7300HQ | 2.5 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 3.1 GHz | ||||||||||||
Core i3 | 7100H | 2 (4) | 3.0 GHz | N/A | 950 MHz | 3 MB | 35 W | N/A | $225 |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | CPU Turbo clock rate | GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
L4
cache |
Max. PCIe lanes | TDP | cTDP | Release date | Price (USD) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core | Dual core | Base | Max. | Up | Down | |||||||||||
Core i7 | 7660U | 2 (4) | 2.5 GHz | 4.0 GHz | ? | Iris Plus 640 | 300 MHz | 1100 MHz | 4 MB | 64 MB | 12 | 15 W | N/A | 9.5 W | Q1 2017 | ? |
7600U | 2.8 GHz | 3.9 GHz | HD 620 | 1150 MHz | N/A | 25 W | 7.5 W | $393 | ||||||||
7567U | 3.5 GHz | 4.0 GHz | Iris Plus 650 | 64 MB | 28 W | N/A | 23 W | ? | ||||||||
7560U | 2.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | Iris Plus 640 | 1050 MHz | 15 W | 9.5 W | ||||||||||
7500U | 2.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | HD 620 | N/A | 25 W | 7.5 W | Q3 2016 | $393 | ||||||||
Core i5 | 7360U | 2.3 GHz | 3.6 GHz | Iris Plus 640 | 1000 MHz | 4 MB | 64 MB | 12 | 15 W | N/A | 9.5 W | Q1 2017 | ? | |||
7300U | 2.6 GHz | 3.5 GHz | HD 620 | 1100 MHz | 3 MB | N/A | 12 | 15 W | 25 W | 7.5 W | $281 | |||||
7287U | 3.3 GHz | 3.7 GHz | Iris Plus 650 | 4 MB | 64 MB | 28 W | N/A | 23 W | ? | |||||||
7267U | 3.1 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 1050 MHz | |||||||||||||
7260U | 2.2 GHz | 3.4 GHz | Iris Plus 640 | 950 MHz | 15 W | 9.5 W | ||||||||||
7200U | 2.5 GHz | 3.1 GHz | HD 620 | 1000 MHz | 3 MB | N/A | 25 W | 7.5 W | Q3 2016 | $281 | ||||||
Core i3 | 7167U | 2.8 GHz | N/A | Iris Plus 650 | 1000 MHz | 3 MB | 64 MB | 12 | 28 W | N/A | 23 W | Q1 2017 | ? | |||
7100U | 2.4 GHz | HD 620 | N/A | 15 W | 7.5 W | Q3 2016 | $281 |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | CPU Turbo clock rate | GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
Max. PCIe lanes | TDP | cTDP | Release date | Price (USD) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core | Dual core | Base | Max. | Up | Down | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 7Y75 | 2 (4) | 1.3 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 3.4 GHz | HD 615 | 300 MHz | 1050 MHz | 4 MB | 10 | 4.5 W | 7 W | 3.5 W | Q3 2016 | $393 |
Core i5 | 7Y57 | 1.2 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 950 MHz | Q1 2017 | $281 | ||||||||
7Y54 | 3.2 GHz | 2.8 GHz | Q3 2016 | ||||||||||||
Core i3 | 7Y30 | 1.0 GHz | 2.6 GHz | ? | 900 MHz | ||||||||||
7Y32 | 1.1 GHz | 3.0 GHz | Q2 2017 |
Kaby Lake-X processors are modified versions of Kaby Lake-S processors that fit into the LGA 2066 socket. However, they can't take advantage of the unique features of the platform.
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores (threads) | CPU | CPU Turbo clock rate | L3
cache |
TDP | Price (USD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core | Dual core | Quad core | |||||||
Core i7 | 7740X | 4 (8) | 4.3 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 8 MB | 112 W | $339 |
Core i5 | 7640X | 4 (4) | 4.0 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 6 MB | $242 |
8th generation (the oldest generation Windows 11 officially supports)
[edit]Kaby Lake Refresh
[edit]Processor branding |
Model | Cores (threads) |
CPU clock rate |
CPU Turbo clock rate | GPU | GPU clock rate | L3 cache |
L4 cache |
Max. PCIe lanes |
TDP | cTDP | Release date |
Price (USD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single core |
Dual core |
Quad core |
Base | Max. | Up | Down | |||||||||||
Core i7 | 8650U | 4 (8) | 1.9 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 3.9 GHz | UHD 620 | 300 MHz | 1150 MHz | 8 MB | — | 12 | 15 W | 25 W | 10 W | Q3 2017 | $409 | |
8550U | 1.8 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 3.7 GHz | ||||||||||||||
Core i5 | 8350U | 1.7 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 1100 MHz | 6 MB | $297 | |||||||||||
8250U | 1.6 GHz | 3.4 GHz |
Coffee Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Coffee Lake is a codename for the eighth generation Intel Core family and was launched in October 2017. For the first time in the ten-year history of Intel Core processors, the Coffee Lake generation features an increase in core counts across the desktop lineup of processors, a significant driver of improved performance versus previous generations despite similar per-clock performance.
Kaby Lake (7th Generation) |
Coffee Lake (8th Generation) | |
---|---|---|
Cores / Threads | Cores / Threads | |
Core i3 | 2 / 4 | 4 / 4 |
Core i5 | 4 / 4 | 6 / 6 |
Core i7 | 4 / 8 | 6 / 12 |
* Intel Hyper-threading capabilities allow an enabled processor to execute two threads per physical core
Coffee Lake features largely the same CPU core and performance per MHz as Skylake/Kaby Lake.[68][69] Features specific to Coffee Lake include:
- Following similar refinements to the 14 nm process in Skylake and Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake is the third 14 nm process refinement ("14nm++") and features increased transistor gate pitch for a lower current density and higher leakage transistors which allows higher peak power and higher frequency at the expense of die area and idle power.
- Coffee Lake will be used in conjunction with the 300-series chipset and is incompatible with the older 100- and 200-series chipsets.[70][71]
- Increased L3 cache in accordance to the number of cores
- Increased turbo clock speeds across i5 and i7 CPUs models (increased by up to 200 MHz)
- Increased iGPU clock speeds by 50 MHz
- DDR4 memory support updated for 2666 MHz (for i5 and i7 parts) and 2400 MHz (for i3 parts); DDR3 memory is no longer supported
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Turbo clock rate[72] [GHz] | GPU | max GPU clock rate |
L3 cache |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of cores used | |||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 8086K | 6 (12) | 4.0 GHz | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | UHD 630 | 1.20 GHz | 12 MB | 95 W | DDR4
2666 |
$425 | |
8700K | 3.7 GHz | 4.7 | $359 | ||||||||||||
8700 | 3.2 GHz | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 65 W | $303 | ||||||||
8700T | 2.4 GHz | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 35 W | |||||||||
Core i5 | 8600K | 6 (6) | 3.6 GHz | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 1.15 GHz | 9 MB | 95 W | $257 | |||||
8600 | 3.1 GHz | 65 W | $213 | ||||||||||||
8600T | 2.3 GHz | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 35 W | ||||||||||
8500 | 3.0 GHz | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 1.10 GHz | 65 W | $192 | ||||||||
8500T | 2.1 GHz | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 35 W | |||||||||
8400 | 2.8 GHz | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 1.05 GHz | 65 W | $182 | ||||||||
8400T | 1.7 GHz | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 35 W | |||||||||
Core i3 | 8350K | 4 (4) | 4.0 GHz | — | 1.15 GHz | 8 MB | 91 W | DDR4
2400 |
$168 | ||||||
8300 | 3.7 GHz | 62 W | $138 | ||||||||||||
8300T | 3.2 GHz | 35 W | |||||||||||||
8100 | 3.6 GHz | 1.10 GHz | 6 MB | 65 W | $117 | ||||||||||
8100T | 3.1 GHz | 35 W |
* Processors Core i3-8100 and Core i3-8350K with stepping B0 actually belong to "Kaby Lake-S" family
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | Max. Turbo
clock rate |
GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
TDP | cTDP | Price
(USD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max. | Down | Up | |||||||||
Core i7 | 8850H | 6 (12) | 2.6 GHz | 4.3 GHz | UHD 630 | 350 MHz | 1.15 GHz | 9 MB | 45 W | 35 W | N/A | $395 |
8750H | 2.2 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 1.10 GHz | |||||||||
8700B | 3.2 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 1.20 GHz | 12 MB | 65 W | $303 | ||||||
Core i5 | 8500B | 6 (6) | 3.0 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 1.10 GHz | 9 MB | $192 | |||||
8400B | 2.8 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 1.05 GHz | $182 | ||||||||
8400H | 4 (8) | 2.5 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 1.10 GHz | 8 MB | 45 W | $250 | |||||
8300H | 2.3 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 1.00 GHz | $250 | ||||||||
Core i3 | 8100H | 4 (4) | 3.0 GHz | N/A | 6 MB | $225 |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | Max. Turbo
clock rate |
GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
L4 cache
(eDRAM) |
TDP | cTDP | Price
(USD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max. | Down | Up | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 8559U | 4 (8) | 2.7 GHz | 4.5 GHz | Iris Plus 655 | 300 MHz | 1.20 GHz | 8 MB | 128 MB | 28 W | 20 W | N/A | $431 |
Core i5 | 8269U | 2.6 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 1.10 GHz | 6 MB | $320 | |||||||
2.3 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 1.05 GHz | N/A | ||||||||||
Core i3 | 8109U | 2 (4) | 3.0 GHz | 3.6 GHz | UHD 630 | 1.10 GHz | 4 MB |
Amber Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Amber Lake is a refinement over the low power Mobile Kaby Lake CPUs.
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU clock rate | GPU | Max GPU
clock rate |
L3
cache |
TDP | cTDP | Price | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max turbo | Up | Down | ||||||||
Core i7 | 8510Y Archived July 28, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | 2 (4) | 1.8 GHz | 3.9 GHz | UHD 617 | 1050 MHz | 4 MB | 7 W | N/A | $393 | |
8500Y | 1.5 GHz | 4.2 GHz | UHD 615 | 5 W | 7 W | 3.5 W | $393 | ||||
Core i5 | 8310Y | 1.6 GHz | 3.9 GHz | UHD 617 | 7 W | N/A | $281 | ||||
8210Y | 3.6 GHz | ||||||||||
8200Y | 1.3 GHz | 3.9 GHz | UHD 615 | 950 MHz | 5 W | 7 W | 3.5 W | $291 | |||
Core m3 | 8100Y | 1.1 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 900 MHz | 8 W | 4.5 W | $281 |
Whiskey Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Whiskey Lake is Intel's codename for the third 14 nm Skylake process-refinement, following Kaby Lake Refresh and Coffee Lake. Intel announced low power mobile Whiskey Lake CPUs availability on August 28, 2018.[73][74] It has not yet been advertised whether this CPU architecture contains hardware mitigations for Meltdown/Spectre class vulnerabilities—various sources contain conflicting information.[75][76][74][77] Unofficially it was announced that Whiskey Lake has hardware mitigations against Meltdown and L1TF while Spectre V2 requires software mitigations as well as microcode/firmware update.[78][79][80][81]
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | Turbo clock GHz
Num of cores |
GPU | Max GPU
clock rate |
L3
cache |
cTDP | Memory | Price | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 4 | Up | Down | |||||||||
Core i7 | 8665U | 4 (8) | 1.9 GHz | 4.8 | UHD 620 |
1150 MHz | 8 MB | 25 W | 10 W | DDR4-2400
LPDDR3-2133 |
$409 | ||
8565U | 1.8 GHz | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.1 | $409 | ||||||||
Core i5 | 8365U | 1.6 GHz | 4.1 | 1100 MHz | 6 MB | $297 | |||||||
8265U | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.7 | $297 | |||||||||
Core i3 | 8145U | 2 (4) | 2.1 GHz | 3.9 | 3.7 | — | 1000 MHz | 4 MB | $281 |
Cannon Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Cannon Lake (formerly Skymont) is Intel's codename for the 10-nanometer die shrink of the Kaby Lake microarchitecture. As a die shrink, Cannon Lake is a new process in Intel's "process–architecture–optimization" execution plan as the next step in semiconductor fabrication.[82] Cannon Lake are the first mainstream CPUs to include the AVX-512 instruction set. In comparison to the previous generation AVX2 (AVX-256), the new generation AVX-512 most notably provides double the width of data registers and double the number of registers. These enhancements would allow for twice the number of floating point operations per register due to the increased width in addition to doubling the overall number of registers, resulting in theoretical performance improvements of up to four times the performance of AVX2.[83][84]
At CES 2018, Intel announced that they had started shipping mobile Cannon Lake CPUs at the end of 2017 and that they would ramp up production in 2018.[85][86][87] No further details were disclosed.
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
CPU | CPU Turbo
clock rate |
GPU | GPU clock rate | L3
cache |
TDP | cTDP | Price
(USD) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max. | Down | |||||||||
Core i3 | 8121U[88][89] | 2 (4) | 2.2 GHz | 3.2 GHz | N/A | 4 MB | 15 W | N/A | ? |
9th generation
[edit]Skylake microarchitecture
[edit]The 9th generation Coffee Lake CPUs are updated versions of previous Skylake X-Series CPUs with clockspeed improvements.
Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | Base Clock | Single Core Turbo Clock | L3 cache | TDP | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 9980XE | 18/36 | 3.0 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 24.75 MB | 165 W | $1979 |
9960X | 16/32 | 3.1 GHz | 22 MB | $1684 | |||
9940X | 14/28 | 3.3 GHz | 19.25 MB | $1387 | |||
9920X | 12/24 | 3.5 GHz | $1189 | ||||
9900X | 10/20 | $989 | |||||
9820X | 3.3 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 16.5 MB | $889 | |||
Core i7 | 9800X | 8/16 | 3.8 GHz | 4.5 GHz | $589 |
Coffee Lake Refresh microarchitecture
[edit]The 9th generation Coffee Lake CPUs were released in the fourth quarter of 2018. They include hardware mitigations against certain Meltdown/Spectre vulnerabilities.[90][91]
For the first time in Intel consumer CPU history, these CPUs support up to 128 GB RAM.[92]
8th Generation | 9th Generation | |
---|---|---|
Cores / Threads | Cores / Threads | |
Core i3 | 4 / 4 | 4 / 4 |
Core i5 | 6 / 6 | 6 / 6 |
Core i7 | 6 / 12 | 8 / 8 |
Core i9 | 6 / 12 | 8 / 16 |
* Intel Hyper-threading capabilities allow an enabled processor to execute two threads per physical core
Even though the F suffix CPUs lack an integrated GPU, Intel set the same price for these CPUs as their featureful counterparts.[93]
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Turbo clock rate[94] [GHz] | GPU | max GPU clock rate |
L3 cache |
TDP | Memory
support |
Price (USD) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of cores used | |||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||||
Core i9 | 9900KS | 8 (16) | 4.0 GHz | 5.0 | UHD 630 | 1.20 GHz | 16 MB | 127 W * | DDR4-2666 | $524 | |||||||
9900K | 3.6 GHz | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 95 W * | $488 | |||||||||||
9900KF | — | ||||||||||||||||
Core i7 | 9700K | 8 (8) | 3.6 GHz | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | UHD 630 | 1.20 GHz | 12 MB | 95 W | $374 | |||||
9700KF | — | ||||||||||||||||
Core i5 | 9600K | 6 (6) | 3.7 GHz | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | — | UHD 630 | 1.15 GHz | 9 MB | $262 | |||||
9600KF | — | ||||||||||||||||
9400 | 2.9 GHz | 4.1 | UHD 630 | 1.05 GHz | 65 W | $182 | |||||||||||
9400F | — | ||||||||||||||||
Core i3 | 9350KF | 4 (4) | 4.0 GHz | 4.6 | — | 8 MB | 91 W | DDR4-2400 | $173 | ||||||||
9100F | 3.6 GHz | 4.2 | — | 6 MB | 65 W | $122 | |||||||||||
9100 | UHD 630 | 1.1 GHz |
* various reviews show that the Core i9 9900K CPU may consume over 140 W under load. The Core i9 9900KS may consume even more.[95][96][97][98]
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Single Core Turbo clock rate [GHz] | GPU | Max GPU clock rate |
L3 cache |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 9980HK | 8 (16) | 2.4 GHz | 5.0 | HD 630 | 1.25 GHz | 16 MB | 45 W | DDR4-2666 | $583 |
9880H | 2.3 GHz | 4.8 | 1.20 GHz | $556 | ||||||
Core i7 | 9850H | 6 (12) | 2.6 GHz | 4.6 | 1.15 GHz | 12 MB | $395 | |||
9750H | 4.5 | |||||||||
Core i5 | 9400H | 4 (8) | 2.5 GHz | 4.3 | 1.10 GHz | 8 MB | $250 | |||
9300H | 2.4 GHz | 4.1 | 1.05 GHz |
10th generation
[edit]Cascade Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Cascade Lake X-Series CPUs are the 10th generation versions of the previous Skylake X-Series CPUs. They offer minor clockspeed improvements and a highly reduced price.
Processor branding | Model | Cores/Threads | Base Clock | Single Core Turbo Clock | All Core Turbo Clock | L3 cache | TDP | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 10980XE | 18/36 | 3.0 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 24.75 MB | 165 W | $979 |
10940X | 14/28 | 3.3 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 19.25 MB | $784 | |||
10920X | 12/24 | 3.5 GHz | 4.3 GHz | $689 | ||||
10900X | 10/20 | 3.7 GHz | 4.7 GHz | $590 |
Ice Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Ice Lake is codename for Intel's 10th generation Intel Core processors, representing an enhancement of the 'architecture' of the preceding generation Kaby Lake/Cannon Lake processors (as specified in Intel's process–architecture–optimization execution plan). As the successor to Cannon Lake, Ice Lake uses Intel's newer 10 nm+ fabrication process, and is powered by the Sunny Cove microarchitecture.
Ice Lake are the first Intel CPUs to feature in-silicon mitigations for the hardware vulnerabilities discovered in 2017, Meltdown and Spectre. These side-channel attacks exploit branch prediction's use of speculative execution. These exploits may cause the CPU to reveal cached private information which the exploiting process is not intended to be able to access as a form of timing attack.[citation needed]
Processor branding |
Model | Cores (threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Turbo clock GHz
Num of cores |
GPU | L3 cache |
TDP | cTDP | Price | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 4 | Series | EUs | Max clock rate |
Up | Down | |||||||
Core i7 | 1065G7 | 4 (8) | 1.3 GHz | 3.9 | 3.5 | Iris Plus | 64 | 1.1 GHz | 8 MiB | 15 W | 25 W | 12 W | $426 | |
Core i5 | 1035G7 | 1.2 GHz | 3.7 | 3.3 | 1.05 GHz | 6 MiB | 15 W | 25 W | 12 W | $320 | ||||
1035G4 | 1.1 GHz | 48 | $309 | |||||||||||
1035G1 | 1.0 GHz | 3.6 | UHD | 32 | 13 W | $297 | ||||||||
Core i3 | 1005G1 | 2 (4) | 1.2 GHz | 3.4 | UHD | 32 | 0.9 GHz | 4 MiB | 15 W | 25 W | 13 W | $281 |
Processor branding |
Model | Cores (threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Turbo clock GHz
Num of cores |
GPU | L3 cache |
TDP | cTDP | Price | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 4 | Series | EUs | Max clock rate |
Up | Down | |||||||
Core i7 | 1060G7 | 4 (8) | 1.0 GHz | 3.8 | 3.4 | Iris Plus | 64 | 1.1 GHz | 8 MiB | 9 W | 12 W | |||
Core i5 | 1030G7 | 0.8 GHz | 3.5 | 3.2 | Iris Plus | 64 | 6 MiB | 9 W | 12 W | |||||
1030G4 | 0.7 GHz | 48 | ||||||||||||
Core i3 | 1000NG4 | 2 (4) | 1.1 GHz | 3.2 | Iris Plus | 48 | 0.9 GHz | 4 MiB | 9 W | |||||
12 W | ||||||||||||||
1000G1 | UHD | 32 |
Comet Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Comet Lake is Intel's codename for the fourth 14 nm Skylake process-refinement, following Whiskey Lake. Intel announced low power mobile Comet Lake CPUs availability on August 21, 2019.[99]
9th generation | 10th generation | |
---|---|---|
Cores / threads | Cores / threads | |
Core i3 | 4 / 4 | 4 / 8 |
Core i5 | 6 / 6 | 6 / 12 |
Core i7 | 8 / 8 | 8 / 16 |
Core i9 | 8 / 16 | 10 / 20 |
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
CPU clock rate (GHz) | GPU | Smart cache (MB) |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | All-Core
Turbo |
Turbo
Boost 2.0 |
Turbo Boost
Max 3.0 |
Model | max
clock rate (GHz) | ||||||||
Down | Base | ||||||||||||
Core i9 | 10900K | 10 (20) | 3.7 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.2 | UHD | 1.20 | 20 | 95 | 125 | DDR4-2933
2-channel up to 128 GB |
$488 |
10900KF | — | $472 | |||||||||||
10910 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.0 | — | UHD
630 |
1.20 | OEM | ||||||
10900 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 5.1 | — | 65 | $438 | |||||||
10900F | — | $422 | |||||||||||
10900T | 1.9 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.6 | UHD
630 |
1.20 | 25 | 35 | $438 | ||||
10850K | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 95 | 125 | $453 | ||||||
Core i7 | 10700K | 8 (16) | 3.8 | 16 | $374 | ||||||||
10700KF | — | $349 | |||||||||||
10700 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | UHD
630 |
1.20 | — | 65 | $323 | ||||
10700F | — | $298 | |||||||||||
10700T | 2.0 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.5 | UHD
630 |
1.20 | 25 | 35 | $325 | ||||
Core i5 | 10600K | 6 (12) | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.8 | — | 12 | 95 | 125 | DDR4-2666
2-channel up to 128 GB |
$262 | ||
10600KF | — | $237 | |||||||||||
10600 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 4.8 | UHD
630 |
1.20 | — | 65 | $213 | |||||
10600T | 2.4 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 25 | 35 | ||||||||
10500 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 1.15 | — | 65 | $192 | ||||||
10500T | 2.3 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 25 | 35 | ||||||||
10400 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 1.10 | — | 65 | $182 | ||||||
10400F | — | $157 | |||||||||||
10400T | 2.0 | 3.2 | 3.6 | UHD
630 |
1.10 | 25 | 35 | $182 | |||||
Core i3 | 10320 | 4 (8) | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 1.15 | 8 | — | 65 | $154 | |||
10300 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.4 | $143 | |||||||||
10300T | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 1.10 | 25 | 35 | |||||||
10100 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 6 | — | 65 | $122 | ||||||
10100F | — | $79 - $97 | |||||||||||
10100T | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.8 | UHD
630 |
1.10 | 25 | 35 | p |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
CPU clock speed (GHz) | GPU | Smart
cache (MB) |
TDP
(W) |
Memory
support |
Price
(USD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max. | Model | Max.
freq. (GHz) | |||||||||
Down | Base | Up | ||||||||||
Core i9 | 10980HK | 8 (16) | 2.4 | 5.3 | UHD 630 | 1.25 | 16 | — | 45 | 65 | DDR4-2933
2-channel up to 128 GB |
$583 |
10885H | 35 | — | $556 | |||||||||
Core i7 | 10875H | 2.3 | 5.1 | 1.20 | $450 | |||||||
10870H | 2.2 | 5.0 | $417 | |||||||||
10850H | 6 (12) | 2.7 | 5.1 | 1.15 | 12 | $395 | ||||||
10750H | 2.6 | 5.0 | ||||||||||
Core i5 | 10500H | 2.5 | 4.5 | 1.05 | $250 | |||||||
10400H | 4 (8) | 2.6 | 4.6 | 1.10 | 8 | |||||||
10300H | 2.5 | 4.5 | 1.05 | |||||||||
10200H | 2.4 | 4.1 | UHD 610 |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
CPU clock speed (GHz) | GPU | L3
cache (MB) |
TDP | Memory
support |
Price
(USD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | Max. | Model | Max.
freq. | |||||||||
Down | Base | Up | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 10810U | 6 (12) | 1.1 | 4.9 | UHD | 1.15 | 12 | 12.5 | 15 | 25 | DDR4-2666
LPDDR3-2133 |
$443 |
10710U | 4.7 | |||||||||||
10610U | 4 (8) | 1.8 | 4.9 | 8 | 10 | $409 | ||||||
10510U | ||||||||||||
Core i5 | 10310U | 1.7 | 4.4 | 6 | $297 | |||||||
10210U | 1.6 | 4.2 | 1.10 | |||||||||
Core i3 | 10110U | 2 (4) | 2.1 | 4.1 | 1.00 | 4 | $281 |
Comet Lake Refresh microarchitecture
[edit]Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
CPU clock rate (GHz) | GPU | Smart cache (MB) |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base | All-Core
Turbo |
Turbo
Boost 2.0 |
Model | Max.
freq. | ||||||||
Down | Base | |||||||||||
Core i5 | 10505 | 6 (12) | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | UHD
630 |
1.2 | 12 | N/A | 65 | DDR4-2666
2-channel up to 128 GB |
$192 |
Core i3 | 10325 | 4 (8) | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 1.15 | 8 | — | 65 | $154 | ||
10305 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.5 | $143 | ||||||||
10305T | 3.0 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 1.10 | 25 | 35 | ||||||
10105 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 6 | — | 65 | $122 | |||||
10105F | — | $97 | ||||||||||
10105T | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.9 | UHD
630 |
1.10 | 25 | 35 | $122 |
Amber Lake Refresh microarchitecture
[edit]Processor branding | Model | Cores (threads) | CPU clock rate | Turbo Boost clock rate | GPU | Max GPU clock rate | L3 cache | TDP | cTDP | Memory | Price | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 core | 2 cores | 4 cores | Up | Down | ||||||||||
Core i7 | 10510Y | 4 (8) | 1.2 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 3.2 GHz | UHD for 10th Gen Processors | 1150 MHz | 8 MB | 7 W | 9 W | 4.5 W | LPDDR3-2133 | US$403 | |
Core i5 | 10310Y | 1.1 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 2.8 GHz | 1050 MHz | 6 MB | 5.5 W | US$292 | ||||||
10210Y | 1.0 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 2.7 GHz | 4.5 W | ||||||||||
Core i3 | 10110Y | 2 (4) | 3.7 GHz | — | 1000 MHz | 4 MB | 5.5 W | US$287 |
11th generation
[edit]Tiger Lake
[edit]Launched on September 2, 2020.
- All models support DDR4-3200 memory
- All models support 20 reconfigurable PCI Express 4.0 lanes, allowing x16 Gen 4 link for discrete GPU and x4 Gen 4 link for M.2 SSDs
Mobile processors (Tiger Lake-H)
[edit]Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base freq at TDP | Max Turbo freq, active cores | UHD Graphics | Smart
cache |
TDP | Price | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
@35 W | @45 W | @65 W | 1 or 2 | 4 | 6 | All | EUs | Max freq | ||||||
Core i9 | 11980HK | 8 (16) | — | 2.6 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 32 | 1.45 GHz | 24 MB | 45-65 W | $583 |
11950H vPro | 2.1 GHz | N/A | 35-45 W | $556 | ||||||||||
11900H | 2.5 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.4 GHz | $546 | ||||||||
Core i7 | 11850H vPro | 4.8 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.3 GHz | $395 | ||||||||
11800H | 1.9 GHz | 2.3 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.2 GHz | ||||||||
Core i5 | 11500H vPro | 6 (12) | 2.4 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 12 MB | $250 | |||||
11400H | 2.2 GHz | 2.7 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 16 | ||||||||
11260H | 2.1 GHz | 2.6 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 1.40 GHz |
Mobile processors (Tiger Lake-H35)
[edit]- All models support DDR4-3200 or LPDDR4X-4267 memory
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base freq at TDP | Max Turbo freq
active cores |
Iris Xe Graphics | Smart
cache |
TDP | Price | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
@28 W | @35 W | 1 | 2 | All | EUs | Max freq | ||||||
Core i7 | 11390H | 4 (8) | 2.9 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 96 | 1.40 GHz | 12 MB | 28-35 W | $426 | |
11375H | 3.0 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 1.35 GHz | $482 | |||||
11370H | 4.8 GHz | $426 | ||||||||||
Core i5 | 11320H | 2.5 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 8 MB | $309 | ||||||
11300H | 2.6 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 80 | 1.30 GHz |
Mobile processors (UP3-class)
[edit]Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base freq at TDP | Max Turbo freq | GPU | Smart
cache |
TDP | Memory
support |
Price | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
@12 W | @15 W | @28 W | 1 Core | All Cores | Series | EUs | Max freq | |||||||
Core i7 | 1195G7 | 4 (8) | 1.3 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 4.6 GHz | Iris Xe | 96 | 1.40 GHz | 12 MB | 12-28 W | DDR4-3200
LPDDR4X-4267 |
$426 | |
1185G7 vPro | 1.2 GHz | 1.8 GHz[100] | 3.0 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 1.35 GHz | ||||||||
1165G7 | 1.2 GHz | 1.7 GHz | 2.8 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 1.30 GHz | ||||||||
Core i5 | 1155G7 | 1.0 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 80 | 1.35 GHz | 8 MB | $309 | |||||
1145G7 vPro | 1.1 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 2.6 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 1.30 GHz | ||||||||
1135G7 | 0.9 GHz | 1.4 GHz | 2.4 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 3.8 GHz | |||||||||
Core i3 | 1125G4 | 2.0 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 3.3 GHz | UHD | 48 | 1.25 GHz | DDR4-3200
LPDDR4X-3733 |
$281 | |||||
1115G4 | 2 (4) | 1.7 GHz | 2.2 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 6 MB |
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base freq at TDP | Max
Turbo freq |
GPU | Smart
cache |
TDP | Memory support | Price | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
@12 W | @15 W | @28 W | Series | EUs | Max freq | Type | ECC | |||||||
Core i7 | 1185GRE vPro | 4 (8) | 1.2 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 2.8 GHz | 4.4 GHz | Iris Xe | 96 | 1.35 GHz | 12 MB | 15 W | DDR4-3200
LPDDR4X-4267 |
Yes | $490 |
1185G7E vPro | No | $431 | ||||||||||||
Core i5 | 1145GRE vPro | 1.1 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 2.6 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 80 | 1.30 GHz | 8 MB | Yes | $362 | ||||
1145G7E vPro | No | $312 | ||||||||||||
Core i3 | 1115GRE | 2 (4) | 1.7 GHz | 2.2 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 3.9 GHz | UHD | 48 | 1.25 GHz | 6 MB | DDR4-3200
LPDDR4X-3733 |
Yes | $338 | |
1115G4E | No | $285 |
Mobile processors (UP4-class)
[edit]Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base freq at TDP | Max Turbo freq | GPU | Smart
cache |
TDP | Memory
support |
Price | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
@7 W | @9 W | @15 W | 1 Core | All Cores | Series | EUs | Max freq | |||||||
Core i7 | 1180G7 vPro | 4 (8) | 0.9 GHz | 2.2 GHz | 4.6 GHz | Iris Xe | 96 | 1.10 GHz | 12 MB | 7-15 W | LPDDR4X-4267 | $426 | ||
1160G7 | 1.2 GHz | 2.1 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.6 GHz | ||||||||||
Core i5 | 1140G7 vPro | 0.8 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 80 | 8 MB | $309 | |||||||
1130G7 | 1.1 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 3.4 GHz | |||||||||||
Core i3 | 1120G4 | 1.5 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 3.0 GHz | UHD | 48 | $281 | |||||||
1110G4 | 2 (4) | 1.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 6 MB |
Desktop/tablet processors (Tiger Lake-B)
[edit]- Socket: FCBGA1787, a BGA socket, thus these CPUs are meant only for system integrators
- Intel Xe UHD Graphics
- Up to 128 GB DDR4-3200 memory
- Was initially incorrectly listed as having a 5.3 GHz TVB boost frequency.[101]
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(threads) |
Base / Boost Clocks (GHz) | L3 cache
(MB) |
TDP | GPU
EU |
GPU
Max freq |
Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 11900 KB | 8 (16) | 3.3 / 4.9 | 24 | 65 W | 32 | 1.45 GHz | $539 |
Core i7 | 11700B | 3.2 / 4.8 | ||||||
Core i5 | 11500B | 6 (12) | 3.3 / 4.6 | 12 | ||||
Core i3 | 11100B | 4 (8) | 3.6 / 4.4 | 16 | 1.4 GHz |
Rocket Lake microarchitecture
[edit]Rocket Lake is a codename for Intel's desktop x86 chip family based on the new Cypress Cove microarchitecture, a variant of Sunny Cove (used by Intel's Ice Lake mobile processors) backported to the older 14 nm process.[102] The chips are marketed as "Intel 11th generation Core". Launched March 30, 2021.
Desktop processors
[edit]- All CPUs listed below support DDR4-3200 natively. The Core i9 K/KF processors enable a 1:1 ratio of DRAM to memory controller by default at DDR4-3200, whereas the Core i9 non K/KF and all other CPUs listed below enable a 2:1 ratio of DRAM to memory controller by default at DDR4-3200 and a 1:1 ratio by default at DDR4-2933.[103]
- All CPUs support up to 128 GiB of RAM in dual channel mode
- Core i9 CPUs (except 11900T) support Intel Thermal Velocity Boost technology
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base | All-Core
Turbo |
Turbo
Boost 2.0 |
Turbo Boost
Max 3.0 |
GPU | max GPU clock rate |
Smart cache |
TDP | Price (USD) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core i9 | 11900K | 8 (16) | 3.5 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 5.1 GHz | 5.2 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 16 MiB | 125 W | $539 |
11900KF | - | $513 | |||||||||
11900 | 2.5 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 5.1 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 65 W | $439 | |||
11900F | - | $422 | |||||||||
11900T | 1.5 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.9 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 35 W | $439 | |||
Core i7 | 11700K | 3.6 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 125W | $399 | ||||
11700KF | - | $374 | |||||||||
11700 | 2.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 4.9 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 65W | $323 | |||
11700F | - | $298 | |||||||||
11700T | 1.4 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 4.6 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 35 W | $323 | |||
Core i5 | 11600K | 6 (12) | 3.9 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 4.9 GHz | N/A | 12 MiB | 125 W | $262 | ||
11600KF | - | $237 | |||||||||
11600 | 2.8 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 4.8 GHz | UHD 750 | 1.3 GHz | 65 W | $213 | ||||
11600T | 1.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 35 W | |||||||
11500 | 2.7 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 65 W | $192 | ||||||
11500T | 1.5 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 35 W | ||||||
11400 | 2.6 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 4.4 GHz | UHD 730 | 1.3 GHz | 65 W | $182 | ||||
11400F | - | $157 | |||||||||
11400T | 1.3 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 3.7 GHz | UHD 730 | 1.2 GHz | 35 W | $182 |
12th generation
[edit]Alder Lake
[edit]Alder Lake is Intel's codename for the 12th generation of Intel Core processors based on a hybrid architecture utilizing Golden Cove high-performance cores and Gracemont power-efficient cores.[104]
It is fabricated using Intel's Intel 7 process, previously referred to as Intel 10 nm Enhanced SuperFin (10ESF).
Intel officially announced 12th Gen Intel Core CPUs on October 27, 2021, and was launched to the market on November 4, 2021.[105]
Desktop processors (Alder Lake-S)
[edit]- All the CPUs support up to 128 GB of DDR4-3200 or DDR5-4800 RAM in dual channel mode.[106]
- Some models feature integrated UHD Graphics 770, UHD Graphics 730 or UHD Graphics 710 GPU with 32/24/16 EUs and base frequency of 300 MHz.
- By default Alder Lake CPUs are configured to run at Turbo Power at all times and Base Power is only guaranteed when P-Cores/E-cores do not exceed the base clock rate.[107]
- Max Turbo Power: the maximum sustained (> 1 s) power dissipation of the processor as limited by current and/or temperature controls. Instantaneous power may exceed Maximum Turbo Power for short durations (≤ 10 ms). Maximum Turbo Power is configurable by system vendor and can be system specific.
- CPUs in bold below feature ECC memory support only when paired with a motherboard based on the W680 chipset.[108]
*By default, Core i9 12900KS achieves 5.5 GHz only when using Thermal Velocity Boost[109]
Processor branding |
Model | Cores (threads) |
Base clock rate |
Turbo Boost 2.0 |
Turbo Max 3.0 |
GPU | Smart cache |
Power | Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | E | P | E | P | E | P | Model | Max. clock rate |
Base | Turbo | ||||
Core i9 | 12900KS | 8 (16) | 8 (8) | 3.4 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 5.2 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 5.3 GHz | UHD 770 | 1.55 GHz | 30 MB | 150 W | 241 W | $739 |
12900K | 3.2 GHz | 2.4 GHz | 5.1 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 5.2 GHz | 125 W | $589 | |||||||
12900KF | — | $564 | ||||||||||||
12900 | 2.4 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 5.1 GHz | UHD 770 | 1.55 GHz | 65 W | 202 W | $489 | ||||
12900F | — | $464 | ||||||||||||
12900T | 1.4 GHz | 1.0 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 4.9 GHz | UHD 770 | 1.55 GHz | 35 W | 106 W | $489 | ||||
Core i7 | 12700K | 4 (4) | 3.6 GHz | 2.7 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 1.50 GHz | 25 MB | 125 W | 190 W | $409 | ||
12700KF | — | $384 | ||||||||||||
12700 | 2.1 GHz | 1.6 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 4.9 GHz | UHD 770 | 1.50 GHz | 65 W | 180 W | $339 | ||||
12700F | — | $314 | ||||||||||||
12700T | 1.4 GHz | 1.0 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 4.7 GHz | UHD 770 | 1.50 GHz | 35 W | 99 W | $339 | ||||
Core i5 | 12600K | 6 (12) | 3.7 GHz | 2.8 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 3.6 GHz | — | 1.45 GHz | 20 MB | 125 W | 150 W | $289 | ||
12600KF | — | $264 | ||||||||||||
12600 | — | 3.3 GHz | — | 4.8 GHz | — | UHD 770 | 1.45 GHz | 18 MB | 65 W | 117 W | $223 | |||
12600T | 2.1 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 35 W | 74 W | ||||||||||
12500 | 3.0 GHz | 65 W | 117 W | $202 | ||||||||||
12500T | 2.0 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 35 W | 74 W | ||||||||||
12490F[110] | 3.0 GHz | 4.6 GHz | — | 20 MB | 65 W | 117 W | China exclusive | |||||||
12400 | 2.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | UHD 730 | 1.45 GHz | 18 MB | $192 | ||||||||
12400F | — | $167 | ||||||||||||
12400T | 1.8 GHz | 4.2 GHz | UHD 730 | 1.45 GHz | 35 W | 74 W | $192 | |||||||
Core i3 | 12300 | 4 (8) | 3.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 12 MB | 60 W | 89 W | $143 | ||||||
12300T | 2.3 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 35 W | 69 W | ||||||||||
12100 | 3.3 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 1.40 GHz | 60 W | 89 W | $122 | ||||||||
12100F | — | 58 W | $97 | |||||||||||
12100T | 2.2 GHz | 4.1 GHz | UHD 730 | 1.40 GHz | 35 W | 69 W | $122 |
Extreme-performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-HX)
[edit]- Bold indicates ECC memory support
Processor branding |
Model | Cores (threads) |
Base clock rate |
Turbo Boost 2.0 |
UHD Graphics | Smart cache |
Power | Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | E | P | E | P | E | EUs | Max. freq. | Base | Turbo | ||||
Core i9 | 12950HX | 8 (16) | 8 (8) | 2.3 GHz | 1.7 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 32 | 1.55 GHz | 30 MB | 55 W | 157 W | $590 |
12900HX | $606 | ||||||||||||
Core i7 | 12850HX | 2.1 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 1.45 GHz | 25 MB | $428 | |||||
12800HX | 2.0 GHz | $457 | |||||||||||
12650HX | 6 (12) | 4.7 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 24 MB | |||||||||
Core i5 | 12600HX | 4 (8) | 2.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 1.35 GHz | 18 MB | $284 | |||||
12450HX | 4 (4) | 2.4 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 16 | 1.30 GHz | 12 MB |
High-performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-H)
[edit]Processor branding |
Model | Base clock rate |
Turbo Boost 2.0 |
Iris Xe Graphics | Smart cache |
Base
Power |
Turbo power |
Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | EUs | Max freq | ||||||
Core i9 | 12900HK | 6 (12) | 8 (8) | 2.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 96 | 1.45 GHz | 24 MB | 45 W | 115 W | $635 |
12900H | $617 | ||||||||||||
Core i7 | 12800H | 2.4 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 1.4 GHz | $457 | |||||||
12700H | 2.3 GHz | 1.7 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | |||||||||
12650H | 4 (4) | 64 | |||||||||||
Core i5 | 12600H | 4 (8) | 8 (8) | 2.7 GHz | 2.0 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 80 | 18 MB | 95 W | $311 | ||
12500H | 2.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 1.3 GHz | ||||||||||
12450H | 4 (4) | 2.0 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 48 | 1.2 GHz | 12 MB |
Low Power Performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-P)
[edit]Processor branding |
Model | Base clock rate |
Turbo Boost 2.0 |
Iris Xe Graphics | Smart cache |
Base
Power |
Turbo power |
Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | EUs | Max freq | ||||||
Core i7 | 1280P | 6 (12) | 8 (8) | 1.8 GHz | 1.3 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 96 | 1.45 GHz | 24 MB | 28 W | 64 W | $482 |
1270P | 4 (8) | 2.2 GHz | 1.6 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 1.40 GHz | 18 MB | $438 | ||||||
1260P | 2.1 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 3.4 GHz | |||||||||
Core i5 | 1250P | 1.7 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 80 | 12 MB | $320 | |||||
1240P | 1.30 GHz | ||||||||||||
Core i3 | 1220P | 2 (4) | 1.5 GHz | 1.1 GHz | 64 | 1.10 GHz | $281 |
Ultra Low Power Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-U)
[edit]Processor branding |
Model | Base clock rate |
Turbo Boost 2.0 |
Iris Xe Graphics | Smart cache |
Base
power |
Turbo power |
Price (USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | P-cores | E-cores | EUs | Max freq | ||||||
Core i7 | 1265U | 2 (4) | 8 (8) | 1.8 GHz | 1.3 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 96 | 1.25 GHz | 12 MB | 15 W | 55 W | $426 |
1260U | 1.1 GHz | 0.8 GHz | 4.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 0.9 GHz | 9 W | 29 W | ||||||
1255U | 1.7 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 1.25 GHz | 15 W | 55 W | $426 | |||||||
1250U | 1.1 GHz | 0.8 GHz | 0.9 GHz | 9 W | 29 W | ||||||||
Core i5 | 1245U | 1.6 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 80 | 1.2 GHz | 15 W | 55 W | $309 | |||
1240U | 1.1 GHz | 0.8 GHz | 0.9 GHz | 9 W | 29 W | ||||||||
1235U | 1.3 GHz | 0.9 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 15 W | 55 W | $309 | |||||||
1230U | 1.0 GHz | 0.7 GHz | 0.9 GHz | 9 W | 29 W | ||||||||
Core i3 | 1215U | 4 (4) | 1.2 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 64 | 1.1 GHz | 10 MB | 15 W | 55 W | $281 | |||
1210U | 1.0 GHz | 0.7 GHz | 0.85 GHz | 9 W | 29 W |
13th generation
[edit]Raptor Lake is Intel's codename for the 13th generation of Intel Core processors and the second generation based on a hybrid architecture.[111]
It is fabricated using an improved version of Intel's Intel 7 process.[112] Intel launched Raptor Lake on October 22, 2022.
Desktop Processors (Raptor Lake-S)
[edit]- All CPUs support up to DDR5 4800 and 192 GiB of RAM
- 13600 and better support DDR5 5600
- 13500 and lower support DDR5 4800
- Intel 600 and 700 chipset support with LGA 1700
- Intel 600 Series chipsets require BIOS update to achieve support for Raptor Lake-S
- First 6 GHz processor (13900KS)*
*By default, Core i9 13900KS achieves 6.0 GHz only when using Thermal Velocity Boost with sufficient power and cooling.
Processor
branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base
clock rate |
Turbo
Boost 2.0 |
Turbo
Boost 3.0 |
Iris Xe Graphics | Smart
cache |
Power | Price
(USD) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P-core | E-core | P-core | E-core | P-core | E-core | P-core | EUs | Max freq | Base | Turbo | ||||
Core i9 | 13900KS | 8 (16) | 16 (16) | 3.2 GHz | 2.4 GHz | 5.4 GHz | 4.3 GHz | 5.8 GHz | 32 | 1.65 GHz | 36 MB | 150 W | 253 W | $689 |
13900K | 3.0 GHz | 2.2 GHz | 5.7 GHz | 125 W | $589 | |||||||||
13900KF | — | $564 | ||||||||||||
13900 | 2.0 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 5.2 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 5.5 GHz | 32 | 1.65 GHz | 65 W | 219 W | $549 | ||||
13900F | — | $524 | ||||||||||||
13900T | 1.1 GHz | 0.8 GHz | 5.1 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 5.3 GHz | 32 | 1.65 GHz | 35 W | 106 W | $549 | ||||
Core i7 | 13700K | 8 (8) | 3.4 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 5.3 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 5.4 GHz | 1.60 GHz | 30 MB | 125 W | 253 W | $409 | ||
13700KF | — | $384 | ||||||||||||
13700 | 2.1 GHz | 1.5 GHz | 5.1 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 5.2 GHz | 32 | 1.60 GHz | 65 W | 219 W | |||||
13700F | — | $359 | ||||||||||||
13700T | 1.4 GHz | 1.0 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 32 | 1.60 GHz | 35 W | 106 W | $384 | ||||
Core i5 | 13600K | 6 (12) | 3.5 GHz | 2.6 GHz | 5.1 GHz | 3.9 GHz | — | 1.50 GHz | 24 MB | 125 W | 181 W | $319 | ||
13600KF | — | $294 | ||||||||||||
13600 | 2.7 GHz | 2.0 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 32 | 1.55 GHz | 65 W | 154 W | $255 | |||||
13600T | 1.8 GHz | 1.3 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 35 W | 92 W | ||||||||
13500 | 2.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 65 W | 154 W | $232 | ||||||||
13500T | 1.6 GHz | 1.2 GHz | 4.6 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 35 W | 92 W | ||||||||
13400 | 4 (4) | 2.5 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 24 | 20 MB | 65 W | 148 W | $221 | |||||
13400F | — | $196 | ||||||||||||
13400T | 1.3 GHz | 1.0 GHz | 4.4 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 24 | 1.55 GHz | 35 W | 82 W | $221 | |||||
Core i3 | 13100 | 4 (8) | — | 3.4 GHz | — | 4.5 GHz | — | 1.50 GHz | 12 MB | 60 W | 89 W | $134 | ||
13100F | — | 58 W | $109 | |||||||||||
13100T | 2.5 GHz | 4.2 GHz | 24 | 1.50 GHz | 35 W | 69 W | $134 |
14th generation
[edit]Raptor Lake Refresh is Intel's codename for the 14th generation of Intel Core processors. It is a refresh and based on the same architecture of the 13th generation with clock speeds of up to 6.2 GHz on the Core i9 14900KS, 6 GHz on the Core i9 14900K and 14900KF, 5.6 GHz on the Core i7 14700K and 14700KF, and 5.3 GHz on the Core i5 14600K and 13400KF as well as UHD Graphics 770 on non-F processors. They are still based on the Intel 7 process node.[113] Introduced on October 17, 2023, these CPUs are designed for the LGA 1700 socket, which allows for compatibility with 600 and 700 series motherboards.[114] It is the last generation CPUs to use the Intel Core i3, i5, i7 and i9 naming scheme as Intel announced that they will be dropping the "i" prefix for future Intel Core processors in 2023.[1]
The 14th generation CPU does not feature any major architectural changes over Raptor Lake, but does feature some minor improvements.[115] The 14th generation CPU was widely criticized[original research?] as a last-ditch effort to beat AMD's Zen 4 with 3D V-Cache[116][117] Intel's desktop version of the next generation architecture, Meteor Lake, was cancelled and the Arrow Lake architecture was not yet ready for release.[118]
In addition to the Raptor Lake-S Refresh desktop processors, Intel also launched 14th gen Raptor Lake-HX Refresh mobile processors in January 2024.[119]
Core and Core Ultra 3/5/7/9
[edit]Starting with the Meteor Lake mobile series launched in December 2023 (with the exception of Raptor Lake-HX Refresh),[120] Intel introduced a new naming system for its new and upcoming processors. The numbers 3, 5, 7 and 9 which denote tiers are still used, but the letter 'i' is dropped, and there is a new "Core Ultra" sub-brand. Like AMD with their Ryzen 7000 mobile series and later processors, Intel now refreshes older architectures to be sold as more affordable mainstream processors while the latest architectures are released as "premium" products, under the Core Ultra brand.[121] Like with Core, the 3/5/7/9 tier numbering is also used with Core Ultra.
This new naming system also cuts the number of model number digits down from 4-5 to 3-4, e.g. Core 1xx series instead of Core 8xxx or 14xxx series.
Intel no longer refers to iterations of product series under "nth generation" anymore, instead using "Series n". Otherwise the latest series launched in December 2023 would be called 15th generation.[122]
Series 1
[edit]The Series 1 of Core processors consists of the Raptor Lake-U Refresh mobile series released January 2024 under the Core brand,[121] and the Meteor Lake-U/H mobile series released December 2023 under the Core Ultra brand.[120]
Model line | Codename | Architecture | P-core count | E-core count | Integrated graphics |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core Ultra 5/7/9 1xxH | Meteor Lake-H | Redwood Cove (P-cores) Crestmont (E- and LP E-cores) |
4–6 | 8 | Arc (Alchemist), up to 8 Xe-cores |
Core Ultra 5/7 1xxU | Meteor Lake-U | 2 | 4–8 | Intel Graphics (Alchemist), up to 4 Xe-cores | |
Core 3/5/7 1xxU | Raptor Lake-U Refresh | Raptor Cove (P-cores) Gracemont (E-cores) |
Intel Graphics (Xe-LP), up to 96 EU |
Reception
[edit]![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2023) |
Transient execution CPU vulnerability
[edit]See also
[edit]- Intel Core (microarchitecture)
- List of Intel graphics processing units
- List of Intel processors
- List of Intel Core processors
- List of Intel Core 2 processors
- List of Intel Core M processors
- List of Intel Core i3 processors
- List of Intel Core i5 processors
- List of Intel Core i7 processors
- List of Intel Core i9 processors
- List of Intel chipsets
- Ryzen
- Zen (microarchitecture)
References
[edit]- ^ a b Cao, Peter (June 15, 2023). "Intel drops 'i' processor branding after 15 years, introduces 'Ultra' for higher-end chips". Engadget. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
- ^ Bonshor, Gavin (June 15, 2023). "Intel To Launch New Core Processor Branding for Meteor Lake: Drop the i, Add Ultra Tier". AnandTech. Archived from the original on April 5, 2024. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
- ^ Robinson, Cliff (June 15, 2023). "Intel Overhauls Core Branding with Meteor Lake". ServeTheHome. Archived from the original on April 5, 2024. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
- ^ a b c Cutress, Ian. "The Ice Lake Benchmark Preview: Inside Intel's 10nm". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Hiérarchie des caches - L'architecture Intel Nehalem - HardWare.fr". www.hardware.fr. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ Kanter, David. "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". Retrieved October 24, 2020.
- ^ "Willow Cove - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ Cutress, Ian; Frumusanu, Andrei. "Intel's Tiger Lake 11th Gen Core i7-1185G7 Review and Deep Dive: Baskin' for the Exotic". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-5775C - CM8065802483301 / BX80658I75775C". www.cpu-world.com. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Noyau (suite) - L'architecture Intel Nehalem - HardWare.fr". www.hardware.fr. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "File:broadwell buffer window.png - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "File:sunny cove buffer capacities.png - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "Popping the Hood on Golden Cove". chipsandcheese.com. December 2, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
- ^ "Sunny Cove - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved November 4, 2020.
- ^ Kanter, David. "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". Retrieved November 9, 2020.
- ^ a b Shimpi, Anand Lal. "Intel's Haswell Architecture Analyzed: Building a New PC and a New Intel". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "Examining Intel's Ice Lake Processors: Taking a Bite of the Sunny Cove Microarchitecture". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
- ^ "Intel launches three Core M CPUs, promises more Broadwell "early 2015"". Ars Technica. September 5, 2014. Archived from the original on January 5, 2015.
- ^ "Intel already phasing out first quad-core CPU". TG Daily. Archived from the original on September 13, 2007. Retrieved September 7, 2007.
- ^ "Intel to discontinue older Centrino CPUs in Q1 08". TG Daily. Archived from the original on November 2, 2007. Retrieved October 1, 2007.
- ^ "Support for the Intel Core Solo processor". Intel. Archived from the original on April 19, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Support for the Intel Core Duo Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on April 17, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Microarchitecture". Intel. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Core2 Solo Mobile Processor – Overview". Intel. Archived from the original on September 26, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Intel Core2 Duo Processor: Upgrade Today". Intel. Archived from the original on January 7, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Core2 Duo Mobile Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on April 3, 2009. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Core2 Quad Processor Overview". Intel. Archived from the original on March 6, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Intel Core2 Quad Mobile Processors – Overview". Intel. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Support for the Intel Core2 Extreme Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Core2 Extreme Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on February 21, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Intel Microarchitecture Codenamed Nehalem". Intel. Archived from the original on July 22, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Public Roadmap Desktop, Mobile & Data Center" (PDF). Intel. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2009. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Processor Ratings". Intel. Archived from the original on April 15, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
- ^ "Processor Ratings". Intel. July 9, 2010. Archived from the original on January 1, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Quietly Announces Core i5 and Core i3 Branding". AnandTech. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel confirms Core i3 as 'entry-level' Nehalem chip". Apcmag.com. September 14, 2009. Archived from the original on September 7, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Core i5 and i3 CPUs With On-Chip GPUs Launched". Hardware.slashdot.org. January 4, 2010. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel May Unveil Microprocessors with Integrated Graphics Cores at Consumer Electronics Show". Xbitlabs.com. Archived from the original on October 30, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel to launch four Arrandale CPUs for mainstream notebooks in January 2010". Digitimes.com. November 13, 2009. Archived from the original on December 7, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ "Intel Core i3 Desktop Processor — Frequently Asked Questions". Intel. Archived from the original on September 25, 2011.
- ^ "FAQ Entry – Online Support – Support – Super Micro Computer, Inc". www.Supermicro.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
- ^ "SPCR • View topic – ECC Support (offshoot of Silent Server Build)". silentpcreview.com. Archived from the original on January 5, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2011.
- ^ Asus P8B WS specification Archived September 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine: supports "ECC, Non-ECC, un-buffered Memory", but "Non-ECC, un-buffered memory only support for client OS (Windows 7, Vista and XP)."
- ^ "Support for the Intel Core i5 Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on April 11, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ Anand Lal Shimpi, Intel's Core i7 870 & i5 750, Lynnfield: Harder, Better, Faster Stronger, anandtech.com, archived from the original on July 22, 2011
- ^ "Login to Digitimes archive & research". www.digitimes.com. November 13, 2009. Archived from the original on March 20, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
- ^ "Intel 奔腾双核 E5300(盒) 资讯-CPU 资讯-新奔腾同现身 多款Core i5、i3正式确认-IT168 diy硬件". it168.com. Archived from the original on October 9, 2011.
- ^ "Intel Core i5 Desktop Processor — Integration, Compatibility, and Memory FAQ". Intel. Archived from the original on February 11, 2012.
- ^ "Intel Core i5-430UM Mobile processor – CN80617006042AE". cpu-world.com. Archived from the original on August 12, 2011.
- ^ "Support for the Intel Core i7 Processor". Intel. Archived from the original on November 29, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ Modine, Austin (November 18, 2008). "Intel celebrates Core i7 launch with Dell and Gateway". The Register. Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
- ^ "IDF Fall 2008: Intel un-retires Craig Barrett, AMD sets up anti-IDF camp". Tigervision Media. August 11, 2008. Archived from the original on May 25, 2024. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
- ^ "Meet the Bloggers". Intel Corporation. Archived from the original on February 2, 2012. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
- ^ "Getting to the Core – Intel's new flagship client brand". Intel Corporation. Archived from the original on August 18, 2008. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
- ^ "[Intel Roadmap update] Nehalem to enter mainstream market". ExpReview. June 10, 2008. Archived from the original on December 11, 2011. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
- ^ "Intel Details Upcoming New Processor Generations" (Press release). Intel Corporate. August 11, 2008. Archived from the original on October 6, 2009.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-920 Processor (8M Cache, 2.66 GHz, 4.80 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-940 Processor (8M Cache, 2.93 GHz, 4.80 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-965 Processor Extreme Edition (8M Cache, 3.20 GHz, 6.40 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. Archived from the original on December 7, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
- ^ "Getting to the Core – Intel's new flagship client brand". Technology@Intel. Archived from the original on August 18, 2008.
- ^ "Intel Haswell-E Core i7-5960X, Core i7-5930K, Core i7-5820K Specifications Unveiled – Flagship 8 Core To Boost Up To 3.3 GHz". May 27, 2014. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
- ^ "Intel Discloses Newest Microarchitecture and 14 Nanometer Manufacturing Process Technical Details". Intel. Intel Corporation. August 11, 2014. Archived from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
- ^ "Intel launched U-series Broadwell processors". January 10, 2015. Archived from the original on February 15, 2015. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
- ^ "Intel's Broadwell goes broad with new desktop, mobile, server variants – The Tech Report – Page 1". techreport.com. June 2, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
- ^ "Intel begins shipping Kaby Lake CPUs to manufacturers". The Tech Report. Archived from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
- ^ "Intel pushes out the rest of its Kaby Lake processors for 2017's PCs". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
- ^ a b "Intel Kaby Lake details: The first post-"tick-tock" CPU architecture". Ars Technica UK. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
- ^ "Intel Coffee Lake Core i7-8700K review: The best gaming CPU you can buy". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-8700K Review: The New Gaming King". TechSpot. Archived from the original on October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
- ^ "Intel 300-series chipsets to provide USB 3.1 Gen2 and Gigabit Wi-Fi | KitGuru". www.kitguru.net. Archived from the original on May 6, 2017. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "The AnandTech Coffee Lake Review: Initial Numbers on the Core i7-8700K and Core i5-8400". p. 3. Archived from the original on October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2017.
- ^ Cutress, Ian (June 11, 2018). "The Intel Core i7-8086K Review".
- ^ "New 8th Gen Intel Core Processors Optimize Connectivity, Great Performance, Battery Life for Laptops | Intel Newsroom". Intel Newsroom. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ a b Cutress, Ian. "Intel Launches Whiskey Lake-U and Amber Lake-Y: New MacBook CPUs?". Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ "Intel launches Whiskey Lake-U and Amber Lake-Y CPUs with focus on enhanced mobile connectivity". Notebookcheck. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ "Intel launches Whiskey and Amber Lakes: Kaby Lake with better Wi-Fi, USB". Ars Technica. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Launches Whiskey Lake And Amber Lake CPUs for Laptops". Tom's Hardware. August 28, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ "Ashraf Eassa on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
- ^ "Ian Cutress on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
- ^ Cutress, Ian (August 30, 2018). "Spectre and Meltdown in Hardware: Intel Clarifies Whiskey Lake and Amber Lake". anadtech.com. Retrieved September 4, 2019.
- ^ Alcorn, Paul (August 30, 2018). "Intel's Whiskey Lake Brings In-Silicon Meltdown and Foreshadow Fixes". Tom's Hardware.
- ^ "Intel's Cannonlake 10nm Microarchitecture is Due For 2016 - Compatible On Union Bay With Union Point PCH". WCCFTech. June 6, 2014. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
- ^ "Intel Advanced Vector Extensions 512 (Intel AVX-512) Overview". Intel. Archived from the original on March 2, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ^ "What Is Intel AVX-512 and Why Does It Matter? | Prowess Consulting". www.prowesscorp.com. January 10, 2018. Archived from the original on March 2, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "Intel Mentions 10nm, Briefly". Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Announces 10nm Cannon Lake Is Shipping". Tom's Hardware. January 9, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ^ AnandTech (January 9, 2018), Intel at CES 2018: 10nm [@8:35], archived from the original on April 27, 2018, retrieved January 10, 2018
- ^ "Intel Core i3-8121U SoC – Benchmarks and Specs". Notebookcheck. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
- ^ Kampman, Jeff (May 15, 2018). "Cannon Lake Core i3-8121U appears in Intel's ARK database". Tech Report. Retrieved May 15, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Announces 9th Generation Core CPUs, Eight-Core Core i9-9900K". Tom's Hardware. October 8, 2018. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
- ^ "Intel announces its latest 9th Gen chips, including its 'best gaming processor' Core i9". The Verge. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "Intel to Support 128GB of DDR4 on Core 9th Gen Desktop Processors". Retrieved October 15, 2018.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "Intel's Graphics-Free Chips Are Also Savings-Free: Same Price, Fewer Features". Retrieved January 16, 2019.
- ^ Cuttress, Ian (October 8, 2018). "Intel Announced 9th Gen Core CPUs: Core i9-9900K (8-Core), i7-9700K, & i5-9600K". AnandTech. Retrieved October 8, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Core i9 9900K processor review". Guru3D.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2018. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ Cutress, Ian. "The Intel 9th Gen Review: Core i9-9900K, Core i7-9700K and Core i5-9600K Tested". Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Core i9-9900K Review". TechPowerUp. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "Power Consumption – Intel Core i9-9900K 9th Gen CPU Review: Fastest Gaming Processor Ever". Tom's Hardware. October 19, 2018. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ "Intel Expands 10th Gen Intel Core Mobile Processor Family, Offering Double Digit Performance Gains". Intel Newsroom. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
- ^ Cutress, Ian; Frumusanu, Andrei. "Intel's Tiger Lake 11th Gen Core i7-1185G7 Review and Deep Dive: Baskin' for the Exotic". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
- ^ Olšan, Jan (August 6, 2021). "Intel potichu uvedl 10nm procesory pro desktop, BGA verze Tiger Lake-H (Update: takty boostu vyjasněné)". cnews.cz. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
- ^ "Intel's 11th Gen Core Rocket Lake Detailed: Ice Lake Core with Xe Graphics". AnandTech. October 29, 2020.
- ^ Cutress, Dr Ian. "Intel Launches Rocket Lake 11th Gen Core i9, Core i7, and Core i5". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
- ^ Cutress, Ian "Intel Alder Lake: Confirmed x86 Hybrid with Golden Cove and Gracemont for 2021". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
- ^ Cutress, Dr Ian. "Intel 12th Gen Core Alder Lake for Desktops: Top SKUs Only, Coming November 4th". www.anandtech.com.
- ^ "Products formerly Alder Lake". www.intel.com.
- ^ Cutress, Ian; Frumusanu, Andrei (November 4, 2021). "The Intel 12th Gen Core i9-12900K Review: Hybrid Performance Brings Hybrid Complexity". AnandTech. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
- ^ Bonshor, Gavin. "The Intel W680 Chipset Overview: Alder Lake Workstations Get ECC Memory and Overclocking Support". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
- ^ "12th Gen Intel Core i9-12900KS Launches as World's Fastest Desktop..." Intel. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
- ^ "Intel Core i5-12490F is China exclusive 6-core Alder Lake desktop CPU with 20MB L3 cache". VideoCardz. February 28, 2022. Archived from the original on February 28, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022. Alt URL
- ^ "Intel showcases 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake" CPU with 24 cores and 32 threads". VideoCardz.
- ^ "Raptor Lake - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
- ^ "Products formerly Raptor Lake". www.intel.com. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ Bonshor, Gavin. "Intel Announces 14th Gen Core Series For Desktop: Core i9-14900K, Core i7-14700K and Core i5-14600K". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
- ^ Cunningham, Andrew (October 17, 2023). "Intel's 14th-gen desktop CPUs are a tiny update even by modern standards". Ars Technica. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
- ^ Intel's 300W Core i9-14900K: CPU Review, Benchmarks, Gaming, & Power, October 18, 2023, retrieved November 6, 2023
- ^ Intel Core i9-14900K, Core i7-14700K & Core i5-14600K Review, Gaming Benchmarks, October 17, 2023, retrieved November 6, 2023
- ^ Bonshor, Gavin. "Intel Meteor Lake SoC is NOT Coming to Desktops: Well, Not Technically". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
- ^ Liu, Zhiye (January 8, 2024). "Intel unleashes 14th Gen Raptor Lake Refresh HX-series CPUs — refreshed chips with up to 24 cores, 5.8 GHz boost clock, and 192GB DDR5 support". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
- ^ a b Norem, Josh (December 14, 2023). "Intel Officially Launches Meteor Lake 'Core Ultra' CPUs". ExtremeTech. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
- ^ a b Smith, Ryan (January 8, 2024). "Intel Intros Core (Series 1) U-Series Mobile Chips: Raptor Lake Refreshed for Thin & Light". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
- ^ Roach, Jacob (December 14, 2023). "Confused about Core Ultra? We were too, so we asked Intel". Digital Trends. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Intel Core technical specifications at the Wayback Machine (archived August 9, 2007)
- CPU Database. TechPowerUp.
- Intel Core Duo (Yonah) Performance Preview – Part II vs AMD 64 X2 and Intel Pentium M. Anandtech.
- Intel Core i7-3960X CPU Performance Comparison
- Intel Centrino Duo Mobile Technology papers. Intel.
- Intel Product Information, providing a list of various processor generations